The Confessions and Letters of St

Title Page

Preface

Prolegomena.

CHAPTER I.--Literature.

I. sources.

II. BIOGRAPHIES.

III. special treatises on the system of augustin.

CHAPTER II.--A Sketch of the Life of St. Augustin.

CHAPTER III.--Estimate of St. Augustin.

CHAPTER IV.--The Writings of St. Augustin.

CHAPTER V.--The Influence of St. Augustin upon Posterity, and his Relation to Catholicism and Protestantism.

Chief Events in the Life of St. Augustin.

St. Aurelius Augustin

Translator's Preface

The Opinion of St. Augustin

Book I.

Chapter I.--He Proclaims the Greatness of God, Whom He Desires to Seek and Invoke, Being Awakened by Him.

Chapter II.--That the God Whom We Invoke is in Us, and We in Him.

Chapter III.--Everywhere God Wholly Filleth All Things, But Neither Heaven Nor Earth Containeth Him.

Chapter IV.--The Majesty of God is Supreme, and His Virtues Inexplicable.

Chapter V.--He Seeks Rest in God, and Pardon of His Sins.

Chapter VI.--He Describes His Infancy, and Lauds the Protection and Eternal Providence of God.

Chapter VII.--He Shows by Example that Even Infancy is Prone to Sin.

Chapter VIII.--That When a Boy He Learned to Speak, Not by Any Set Method, But from the Acts and Words of His Parents.

Chapter IX.--Concerning the Hatred of Learning, the Love of Play, and the Fear of Being Whipped Noticeable in Boys: and of the Folly of Our Elders and Masters.

Chapter X.--Through a Love of Ball-Playing and Shows, He Neglects His Studies and the Injunctions of His Parents.

Chapter XI.--Seized by Disease, His Mother Being Troubled, He Earnestly Demands Baptism, Which on Recovery is Postponed--His Father Not as Yet Believing in Christ.

Chapter XII.--Being Compelled, He Gave His Attention to Learning; But Fully Acknowledges that This Was the Work of God.

Chapter XIII.--He Delighted in Latin Studies and the Empty Fables of the Poets, But Hated the Elements of Literature and the Greek Language.

Chapter XIV.--Why He Despised Greek Literature, and Easily Learned Latin.

Chapter XV.--He Entreats God, that Whatever Useful Things He Learned as a Boy May Be Dedicated to Him.

Chapter XVI.--He Disapproves of the Mode of Educating Youth, and He Points Out Why Wickedness is Attributed to the Gods by the Poets.

Chapter XVII.--He Continues on the Unhappy Method of Training Youth in Literary Subjects.

Chapter XVIII.--Men Desire to Observe the Rules of Learning, But Neglect the Eternal Rules of Everlasting Safety.

Book II.

Chapter I.--He Deplores the Wickedness of His Youth.

Chapter II.--Stricken with Exceeding Grief, He Remembers the Dissolute Passions in Which, in His Sixteenth Year, He Used to Indulge.

Chapter III.--Concerning His Father, a Freeman of Thagaste, the Assister of His Son's Studies, and on the Admonitions of His Mother on the Preservation of Chastity.

Chapter IV.--He Commits Theft with His Companions, Not Urged on by Poverty, But from a Certain Distaste of Well-Doing.

Chapter V.--Concerning the Motives to Sin, Which are Not in the Love of Evil, But in the Desire of Obtaining the Property of Others.

Chapter VI.--Why He Delighted in that Theft, When All Things Which Under the Appearance of Good Invite to Vice are True and Perfect in God Alone.

Chapter VII.--He Gives Thanks to God for the Remission of His Sins, and Reminds Every One that the Supreme God May Have Preserved Us from Greater Sins.

Chapter VIII.--In His Theft He Loved the Company of His Fellow-Sinners.

Chapter IX.--It Was a Pleasure to Him Also to Laugh When Seriously Deceiving Others.

Chapter X.--With God There is True Rest and Life Unchanging.

Book III.

Chapter I.--Deluded by an Insane Love, He, Though Foul and Dishonourable, Desires to Be Thought Elegant and Urbane.

Chapter II.--In Public Spectacles He is Moved by an Empty Compassion. He is Attacked by a Troublesome Spiritual Disease.

Chapter III.--Not Even When at Church Does He Suppress His Desires. In the School of Rhetoric He Abhors the Acts of the Subverters.

Chapter IV.--In the Nineteenth Year of His Age (His Father Having Died Two Years Before) He is Led by the "Hortensius" Of Cicero to "Philosophy," To God, and a Better Mode of Thinking.

Chapter V.--He Rejects the Sacred Scriptures as Too Simple, and as Not to Be Compared with the Dignity of Tully.

Chapter VI.--Deceived by His Own Fault, He Falls into the Errors of the Manichæans, Who Gloried in the True Knowledge of God and in a Thorough Examination of Things.

Chapter VII.--He Attacks the Doctrine of the Manichæans Concerning Evil, God, and the Righteousness of the Patriarchs.

Chapter VIII.--He Argues Against the Same as to the Reason of Offences.

Chapter IX.--That the Judgment of God and Men as to Human Acts of Violence, is Different.

Chapter X.--He Reproves the Triflings of the Manichæans as to the Fruits of the Earth.

Chapter XI.--He Refers to the Tears, and the Memorable Dream Concerning Her Son, Granted by God to His Mother.

Chapter XII.--The Excellent Answer of the Bishop When Referred to by His Mother as to the Conversion of Her Son.

Book IV.

Chapter I.--Concerning that Most Unhappy Time in Which He, Being Deceived, Deceived Others; And Concerning the Mockers of His Confession.

Chapter II.--He Teaches Rhetoric, the Only Thing He Loved, and Scorns the Soothsayer, Who Promised Him Victory.

Chapter III.--Not Even the Most Experienced Men Could Persuade Him of the Vanity of Astrology to Which He Was Devoted.

Chapter IV.--Sorely Distressed by Weeping at the Death of His Friend, He Provides Consolation for Himself.

Chapter V.--Why Weeping is Pleasant to the Wretched.

Chapter VI.--His Friend Being Snatched Away by Death, He Imagines that He Remains Only as Half.

Chapter VII.--Troubled by Restlessness and Grief, He Leaves His Country a Second Time for Carthage.

Chapter VIII.--That His Grief Ceased by Time, and the Consolation of Friends.

Chapter IX.--That the Love of a Human Being, However Constant in Loving and Returning Love, Perishes; While He Who Loves God Never Loses a Friend.

Chapter X.--That All Things Exist that They May Perish, and that We are Not Safe Unless God Watches Over Us.

Chapter XI.--That Portions of the World are Not to Be Loved; But that God, Their Author, is Immutable, and His Word Eternal.

Chapter XII.--Love is Not Condemned, But Love in God, in Whom There is Rest Through Jesus Christ, is to Be Preferred.

Chapter XIII.--Love Originates from Grace and Beauty Enticing Us.

Chapter XIV.--Concerning the Books Which He Wrote "On the Fair and Fit," Dedicated to Hierius.

Chapter XV.--While Writing, Being Blinded by Corporeal Images, He Failed to Recognise the Spiritual Nature of God.

Chapter XVI.--He Very Easily Understood the Liberal Arts and the Categories of Aristotle, But Without True Fruit.

Book V.

Chapter I.--That It Becomes the Soul to Praise God, and to Confess Unto Him.

Chapter II.--On the Vanity of Those Who Wished to Escape the Omnipotent God.

Chapter III.--Having Heard Faustus, the Most Learned Bishop of the Manichæans, He Discerns that God, the Author Both of Things Animate and Inanimate, Chiefly Has Care for the Humble.

Chapter IV.--That the Knowledge of Terrestrial and Celestial Things Does Not Give Happiness, But the Knowledge of God Only.

Chapter V.--Of Manichæus Pertinaciously Teaching False Doctrines, and Proudly Arrogating to Himself the Holy Spirit.

Chapter VI.--Faustus Was Indeed an Elegant Speaker, But Knew Nothing of the Liberal Sciences.

Chapter VII.--Clearly Seeing the Fallacies of the Manichæans, He Retires from Them, Being Remarkably Aided by God.

Chapter VIII.--He Sets Out for Rome, His Mother in Vain Lamenting It.

Chapter IX.--Being Attacked by Fever, He is in Great Danger.

Chapter X.--When He Had Left the Manichæans, He Retained His Depraved Opinions Concerning Sin and the Origin of the Saviour.

Chapter XI.--Helpidius Disputed Well Against the Manichæans as to the Authenticity of the New Testament.

Chapter XII.--Professing Rhetoric at Rome, He Discovers the Fraud of His Scholars.

Chapter XIII.--He is Sent to Milan, that He, About to Teach Rhetoric, May Be Known by Ambrose.

Chapter XIV.--Having Heard the Bishop, He Perceives the Force of the Catholic Faith, Yet Doubts, After the Manner of the Modern Academics.

Book VI.

Chapter I.--His Mother Having Followed Him to Milan, Declares that She Will Not Die Before Her Son Shall Have Embraced the Catholic Faith.

Chapter II.--She, on the Prohibition of Ambrose, Abstains from Honouring the Memory of the Martyrs.

Chapter III.--As Ambrose Was Occupied with Business and Study, Augustin Could Seldom Consult Him Concerning the Holy Scriptures.

Chapter IV.--He Recognises the Falsity of His Own Opinions, and Commits to Memory the Saying of Ambrose.

Chapter V.--Faith is the Basis of Human Life; Man Cannot Discover that Truth Which Holy Scripture Has Disclosed.

Chapter VI.--On the Source and Cause of True Joy,--The Example of the Joyous Beggar Being Adduced.

Chapter VII.--He Leads to Reformation His Friend Alypius, Seized with Madness for the Circensian Games.

Chapter VIII.--The Same When at Rome, Being Led by Others into the Amphitheatre, is Delighted with the Gladiatorial Games.

Chapter IX.--Innocent Alypius, Being Apprehended as a Thief, is Set at Liberty by the Cleverness of an Architect.

Chapter X.--The Wonderful Integrity of Alypius in Judgment. The Lasting Friendship of Nebridius with Augustin.

Chapter XI.--Being Troubled by His Grievous Errors, He Meditates Entering on a New Life.

Chapter XII.--Discussion with Alypius Concerning a Life of Celibacy.

Chapter XIII.--Being Urged by His Mother to Take a Wife, He Sought a Maiden that Was Pleasing Unto Him.

Chapter XIV.--The Design of Establishing a Common Household with His Friends is Speedily Hindered.

Chapter XV.--He Dismisses One Mistress, and Chooses Another.

Chapter XVI.--The Fear of Death and Judgment Called Him, Believing in the Immortality of the Soul, Back from His Wickedness, Him Who Aforetime Believed in the Opinions of Epicurus.

Book VII.

Chapter I.--He Regarded Not God Indeed Under the Form of a Human Body, But as a Corporeal Substance Diffused Through Space.

Chapter II.--The Disputation of Nebridius Against the Manichæans, on the Question "Whether God Be Corruptible or Incorruptible."

Chapter III.--That the Cause of Evil is the Free Judgment of the Will.

Chapter IV.--That God is Not Corruptible, Who, If He Were, Would Not Be God at All.

Chapter V.--Questions Concerning the Origin of Evil in Regard to God, Who, Since He is the Chief Good, Cannot Be the Cause of Evil.

Chapter VI.--He Refutes the Divinations of the Astrologers, Deduced from the Constellations.

Chapter VII.--He is Severely Exercised as to the Origin of Evil.

Chapter VIII.--By God's Assistance He by Degrees Arrives at the Truth.

Chapter IX.--He Compares the Doctrine of the Platonists Concerning the Logos With the Much More Excellent Doctrine of Christianity.

Chapter X.--Divine Things are the More Clearly Manifested to Him Who Withdraws into the Recesses of His Heart.

Chapter XI.--That Creatures are Mutable and God Alone Immutable.

Chapter XII.--Whatever Things the Good God Has Created are Very Good.

Chapter XIII.--It is Meet to Praise the Creator for the Good Things Which are Made in Heaven and Earth.

Chapter XIV.--Being Displeased with Some Part Of God's Creation, He Conceives of Two Original Substances.

Chapter XV.--Whatever Is, Owes Its Being to God.

Chapter XVI.--Evil Arises Not from a Substance, But from the Perversion of the Will.

Chapter XVII.--Above His Changeable Mind, He Discovers the Unchangeable Author of Truth.

Chapter XVIII.--Jesus Christ, the Mediator, is the Only Way of Safety.

Chapter XIX.--He Does Not Yet Fully Understand the Saying of John, that "The Word Was Made Flesh."

Chapter XX.--He Rejoices that He Proceeded from Plato to the Holy Scriptures, and Not the Reverse.

Chapter XXI.--What He Found in the Sacred Books Which are Not to Be Found in Plato.

Book VIII.

Chapter I.--He, Now Given to Divine Things, and Yet Entangled by the Lusts of Love, Consults Simplicianus in Reference to the Renewing of His Mind.

Chapter II.--The Pious Old Man Rejoices that He Read Plato and the Scriptures, and Tells Him of the Rhetorician Victorinus Having Been Converted to the Faith Through the Reading of the Sacred Books.

Chapter III.--That God and the Angels Rejoice More on the Return of One Sinner Than of Many Just Persons.

Chapter IV.--He Shows by the Example of Victorinus that There is More Joy in the Conversion of Nobles.

Chapter V.--Of the Causes Which Alienate Us from God.

Chapter VI.--Pontitianus' Account of Antony, the Founder of Monachism, and of Some Who Imitated Him.

Chapter VII.--He Deplores His Wretchedness, that Having Been Born Thirty-Two Years, He Had Not Yet Found Out the Truth.

Chapter VIII.--The Conversation with Alypius Being Ended, He Retires to the Garden, Whither His Friend Follows Him.

Chapter IX.--That the Mind Commandeth the Mind, But It Willeth Not Entirely.

Chapter X.--He Refutes the Opinion of the Manichæans as to Two Kinds of Minds,--One Good and the Other Evil.

Chapter XI.--In What Manner the Spirit Struggled with the Flesh, that It Might Be Freed from the Bondage of Vanity.

Chapter XII.--Having Prayed to God, He Pours Forth a Shower of Tears, And, Admonished by a Voice, He Opens the Book and Reads the Words in Rom. XIII. 13; By Which, Being Changed in His Whole Soul, He Discloses the Divine Favour to His Friend and His Mother.

Book IX.

Chapter I.--He Praises God, the Author of Safety, and Jesus Christ, the Redeemer, Acknowledging His Own Wickedness.

Chapter II.--As His Lungs Were Affected, He Meditates Withdrawing Himself from Public Favour.

Chapter III.--He Retires to the Villa of His Friend Verecundus, Who Was Not Yet a Christian, and Refers to His Conversion and Death, as Well as that of Nebridius.

Chapter IV.--In the Country He Gives His Attention to Literature, and Explains the Fourth Psalm in Connection with the Happy Conversion of Alypius. He is Troubled with Toothache.

Chapter V.--At the Recommendation of Ambrose, He Reads the Prophecies of Isaiah, But Does Not Understand Them.

Chapter VI.--He is Baptized at Milan with Alypius and His Son Adeodatus. The Book "De Magistro."

Chapter VII.--Of the Church Hymns Instituted at Milan; Of the Ambrosian Persecution Raised by Justina; And of the Discovery of the Bodies of Two Martyrs.

Chapter VIII.--Of the Conversion of Evodius, and the Death of His Mother When Returning with Him to Africa; And Whose Education He Tenderly Relates.

Chapter IX.--He Describes the Praiseworthy Habits of His Mother; Her Kindness Towards Her Husband and Her Sons.

Chapter X.--A Conversation He Had with His Mother Concerning the Kingdom of Heaven.

Chapter XI.--His Mother, Attacked by Fever, Dies at Ostia.

Chapter XII.--How He Mourned His Dead Mother.

Chapter XIII.--He Entreats God for Her Sins, and Admonishes His Readers to Remember Her Piously.

Book X.

Chapter I.--In God Alone is the Hope and Joy of Man.

Chapter II.--That All Things are Manifest to God. That Confession Unto Him is Not Made by the Words of the Flesh, But of the Soul, and the Cry of Reflection.

Chapter III.--He Who Confesseth Rightly Unto God Best Knoweth Himself.

Chapter IV.--That in His Confessions He May Do Good, He Considers Others.

Chapter V.--That Man Knoweth Not Himself Wholly.

Chapter VI.--The Love of God, in His Nature Superior to All Creatures, is Acquired by the Knowledge of the Senses and the Exercise of Reason.

Chapter VII.--That God is to Be Found Neither from the Powers of the Body Nor of the Soul.

Chapter VIII.----Of the Nature and the Amazing Power of Memory.

Chapter IX.--Not Only Things, But Also Literature and Images, are Taken from the Memory, and are Brought Forth by the Act of Remembering.

Chapter X.--Literature is Not Introduced to the Memory Through the Senses, But is Brought Forth from Its More Secret Places.

Chapter XI.--What It is to Learn and to Think.

Chapter XII.--On the Recollection of Things Mathematical.

Chapter XIII.--Memory Retains All Things.

Chapter XIV.--Concerning the Manner in Which Joy and Sadness May Be Brought Back to the Mind and Memory.

Chapter XV.--In Memory There are Also Images of Things Which are Absent.

Chapter XVI.--The Privation of Memory is Forgetfulness.

Chapter XVII.--God Cannot Be Attained Unto by the Power of Memory, Which Beasts and Birds Possess.

Chapter XVIII.--A Thing When Lost Could Not Be Found Unless It Were Retained in the Memory.

Chapter XIX.--What It is to Remember.

Chapter XX.--We Should Not Seek for God and the Happy Life Unless We Had Known It.

Chapter XXI.--How a Happy Life May Be Retained in the Memory.

Chapter XXII.--A Happy Life is to Rejoice in God, and for God.

Chapter XXIII.--All Wish to Rejoice in the Truth.

Chapter XXIV.--He Who Finds Truth, Finds God.

Chapter XXV.--He is Glad that God Dwells in His Memory.

Chapter XXVI.--God Everywhere Answers Those Who Take Counsel of Him.

Chapter XXVII.--He Grieves that He Was So Long Without God.

Chapter XXVIII.--On the Misery of Human Life.

Chapter XXIX.--All Hope is in the Mercy of God.

Chapter XXX.--Of the Perverse Images of Dreams, Which He Wishes to Have Taken Away.

Chapter XXXI.--About to Speak of the Temptations of the Lust of the Flesh, He First Complains of the Lust of Eating and Drinking.

Chapter XXXII.--Of the Charms of Perfumes Which are More Easily Overcome.

Chapter XXXIII.--He Overcame the Pleasures of the Ear, Although in the Church He Frequently Delighted in the Song, Not in the Thing Sung.

Chapter XXXIV.--Of the Very Dangerous Allurements of the Eyes; On Account of Beauty of Form, God, the Creator, is to Be Praised.

Chapter XXXV.--Another Kind of Temptation is Curiosity, Which is Stimulated by the Lust of the Eyes.

Chapter XXXVI.--A Third Kind is "Pride" Which is Pleasing to Man, Not to God.

Chapter XXXVII.--He is Forcibly Goaded on by the Love of Praise.

Chapter XXXVIII.--Vain-Glory is the Highest Danger.

Chapter XXXIX.--Of the Vice of Those Wh

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