1So I returned, and considered all the oppressions that are done under the sun: and behold the tears of [such as were] oppressed, and they had no comforter; and on the side of their oppressors [there was] power; but they had no comforter. 2For what reason I praised the dead which are already dead more than the living which are yet alive. 3Yes, better [is he] than both they, which has not yet been, who has not seen the evil work that is done under the sun.

4Again, I considered all travail, and every right work, that for this a man is envied of his neighbour. This [is] also vanity and anguish of spirit. 5The fool folds his hands together, and eats his own flesh. 6Better [is] an handful [with] quietness, than both the hands full [with] travail and anguish of spirit.

7Then I returned, and I saw vanity under the sun. 8There is one [alone], and [there is] not a second; yes, he has neither child nor brother: yet [is there] no end of all his labour; neither is his eye satisfied with riches; neither [says he], For whom do I labour, and bereave my soul of good? This [is] also vanity, yes, it [is] a sore travail.

9Two [are] better than one; because they have a good reward for their labour. 10For if they fall, the one will lift up his fellow: but woe to him [that is] alone when he falls; for [he has] not another to help him up. 11Again, if two lie together, then they have heat: but how can one be warm [alone]? 12And if one prevail against him, two shall withstand him; and a threefold cord is not quickly broken.

13Better [is] a poor and a wise child than an old and foolish king, who will no more be admonished. 14For out of prison he comes to reign; whereas also [he that is] born in his kingdom becomes poor. 15I considered all the living which walk under the sun, with the second child that shall stand up in his stead. 16[There is] no end of all the people, [even] of all that have been before them: they also that come after shall not rejoice in him. Surely this also [is] vanity and anguish of spirit.