1 Samuel 19:15

But Saul sent the messengers back to see David and told them, "Bring him up to me in his bed so I can kill him."

Study Bible

But Saul sent the messengers back to see David
This phrase highlights Saul's persistent pursuit of David, reflecting Saul's growing paranoia and fear of losing his kingdom. Saul's actions are driven by jealousy and insecurity, as David's popularity and success in battle threaten his reign. This pursuit is part of a larger narrative of Saul's decline and David's rise, illustrating the consequences of disobedience to God. The messengers, likely royal officials or soldiers, are instruments of Saul's will, showcasing the king's authority and the seriousness of his intent to capture David.

and told them, “Bring him up to me in his bed
Saul's command to bring David in his bed indicates his desperation and determination to eliminate David, even if it means capturing him while he is vulnerable and defenseless. This reflects the cultural and historical context of ancient Israel, where kings wielded significant power and could command such actions without question. The mention of the bed also foreshadows the deception by Michal, David's wife, who uses a household idol to trick the messengers, highlighting themes of loyalty and cunning.

so I can kill him.”
Saul's intent to kill David underscores the severity of his animosity and the extent of his moral decline. This phrase connects to the broader biblical theme of the struggle between good and evil, as David, the anointed future king, is pursued by Saul, who has fallen out of favor with God. The desire to kill David also prefigures the persecution of Jesus Christ, who, like David, was pursued by those in power despite his innocence. This connection emphasizes the idea of God's chosen ones facing trials and opposition, yet ultimately fulfilling God's purposes.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Saul
The first king of Israel, who was anointed by the prophet Samuel. At this point in the account, Saul is consumed by jealousy and fear of David, leading him to seek David's life.

2. David
The future king of Israel, anointed by Samuel, and known for his faithfulness to God. He is currently in danger due to Saul's jealousy and is being protected by his wife, Michal.

3. Messengers
These are the individuals sent by Saul to capture David. They are acting under Saul's orders, reflecting the king's authority and intent.

4. Michal
Saul's daughter and David's wife, who plays a crucial role in protecting David from her father's murderous intentions.

5. Ramah
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, it is the place where David flees to seek refuge with Samuel, highlighting the ongoing conflict and David's reliance on God's guidance.

Teaching Points

The Dangers of Jealousy
Saul's jealousy leads him to irrational and sinful actions. Believers are reminded to guard their hearts against jealousy, which can lead to destructive behavior.

God's Protection
Despite Saul's intentions, God protects David through various means, including the loyalty of others. This teaches us to trust in God's provision and protection in times of trouble.

The Role of Courageous Allies
Michal's actions demonstrate the importance of having faithful and courageous allies who can support us in difficult times.

The Consequences of Disobedience
Saul's disobedience to God and his subsequent actions serve as a warning of the consequences of turning away from God's commands.

Faith in Action
David's life exemplifies faith in action, as he continually seeks God's guidance and protection, even when faced with life-threatening situations.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Saul's jealousy and fear of David reflect the dangers of allowing negative emotions to control our actions? Can you identify a time when jealousy affected your decisions, and how did you overcome it?

2. In what ways does God provide protection and deliverance for David in this chapter? How can we apply this understanding of God's protection to our own lives?

3. Michal plays a crucial role in protecting David. Who are the "Michals" in your life, and how can you be a "Michal" to others in their time of need?

4. Compare Saul's pursuit of David with the pursuit of Saul (Paul) in Acts 9. What similarities and differences do you see, and what can we learn from these accounts about God's sovereignty?

5. Reflect on Psalm 59 in the context of 1 Samuel 19. How does David's response to his circumstances in the psalm inform our understanding of faith and reliance on God during trials?

Connections to Other Scriptures

1 Samuel 18
Provides context for Saul's growing jealousy and fear of David, which sets the stage for the events in chapter 19.

Psalm 59
Traditionally attributed to David during this period of his life, it reflects his trust in God amidst persecution and danger.

Acts 9
Saul (later Paul) is also pursued by those who wish to kill him, drawing a parallel between the two Sauls and the theme of divine protection.