1 Samuel 30:26
When David arrived in Ziklag, he sent some of the plunder to his friends, the elders of Judah, saying, "Here is a gift for you from the plunder of the LORD's enemies."
When David arrived in Ziklag
David's return to Ziklag follows a significant victory over the Amalekites, who had previously raided and burned the city. Ziklag, a Philistine town given to David by Achish, king of Gath, served as David's base during his time of exile from Saul. This location highlights David's strategic position between the Philistines and Israel, reflecting his complex political and military situation.

he sent some of the plunder
The act of sending plunder demonstrates David's leadership and generosity. In ancient Near Eastern culture, sharing spoils of war was a common practice to secure loyalty and support. This action also reflects David's understanding of the importance of maintaining alliances and rewarding those who supported him during his time of need.

to his friends, the elders of Judah
David's choice to send plunder to the elders of Judah indicates his intention to strengthen ties with his own tribe. The elders were influential leaders within the tribe, and by sharing the spoils, David was likely securing their allegiance and preparing for his future as king. This act foreshadows David's eventual rise to power over all Israel.

saying, “Here is a gift for you
The term "gift" suggests a voluntary offering rather than a mandatory tribute. This language emphasizes David's generosity and the goodwill he intended to foster. In biblical terms, gifts often symbolize grace and favor, reflecting God's provision and blessing.

from the plunder of the LORD’s enemies.”
By attributing the victory to the LORD, David acknowledges God's sovereignty and the divine mandate behind his military success. This phrase underscores the theological perspective that victories in battle were seen as acts of God, reinforcing David's role as the anointed leader chosen by God. It also connects to the broader biblical theme of God delivering His people from their enemies, a recurring motif throughout the Old Testament.

Persons / Places / Events
1. David
The anointed future king of Israel, who at this time was leading a group of men while fleeing from King Saul. David is known for his leadership, military prowess, and deep faith in God.

2. Ziklag
A town given to David by Achish, the Philistine king of Gath, where David and his men resided. It became a base for David's operations and a place of refuge.

3. Elders of Judah
Leaders and influential figures within the tribe of Judah, David's own tribe. They were recipients of the gifts from the plunder.

4. Plunder
Spoils taken from the Amalekites, who had raided Ziklag in David's absence. David's recovery of the plunder was seen as a victory granted by God.

5. The LORD’s enemies
Refers to the Amalekites, who were long-standing adversaries of Israel and had attacked Ziklag, taking captives and goods.
Teaching Points
Generosity as a Bridge
David's act of sending gifts to the elders of Judah demonstrates the power of generosity in building and maintaining relationships. In our lives, sharing our blessings can strengthen bonds and open doors for future collaboration.

Acknowledging God's Provision
By referring to the plunder as from "the LORD’s enemies," David acknowledges God's role in his victory. We should recognize and give credit to God for our successes and blessings.

Strategic Alliances
David's actions show the importance of forming and maintaining strategic alliances. In our spiritual journey, building relationships with fellow believers can provide support and encouragement.

Leadership and Stewardship
David's distribution of the plunder reflects wise leadership and stewardship. Leaders are called to manage resources responsibly and for the benefit of their community.

Faith in Action
David's recovery of the plunder and his subsequent actions demonstrate faith in action. We are encouraged to trust God and act courageously in challenging situations.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does David's act of sending gifts to the elders of Judah reflect his understanding of leadership and community?

2. In what ways can we acknowledge God's provision in our own victories and successes?

3. How can generosity serve as a tool for building relationships in our personal and spiritual lives?

4. What lessons can we learn from David's strategic alliances with the elders of Judah for our own relationships within the church?

5. How does David's response to the Amalekite raid demonstrate faith in action, and how can we apply this principle in our own challenges?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Samuel 30:1-20
Provides the context of the Amalekite raid on Ziklag and David's subsequent pursuit and recovery of the captives and plunder.

1 Samuel 18:1-4
Highlights the friendship between David and Jonathan, illustrating the importance of alliances and friendships, similar to David's relationship with the elders of Judah.

2 Samuel 2:1-4
Describes David's anointing as king over Judah, showing the fruition of his relationship with the tribe's elders.

Proverbs 18:16
Discusses how a gift can open doors and pave the way for relationships, akin to David's strategic gifting to the elders.
David in Three SituationsC. Bradley, M. A.1 Samuel 30:1-31
The Fruits of VictoryB. Dale 1 Samuel 30:21-31
People
Abiathar, Abigail, Ahimelech, Ahinoam, Amalekites, Caleb, Cherethites, David, Eshtemoa, Jerahmeelites, Jezreel, Jezreelitess, Jizreelitess, Kenites, Kerethites, Nabal
Places
Besor, Bethel, Bor-ashan, Carmel, Egypt, Eshtemoa, Hebron, Hormah, Jattir, Negeb, Negev, Racal, Ramoth, Siphmoth, Ziklag
Topics
Arrived, Behold, Blessing, David, Elders, Enemies, Fighting, Friends, Gift, Goods, Judah, Lord's, Offering, Plunder, Present, Responsible, Saying, Spoil, Ziklag
Dictionary of Bible Themes
1 Samuel 30:26-31

     7719   elders, as leaders

Library
At the Front or the Base
'As his part is that goeth down to the battle, so shall his part be that tarrieth by the stuff.'--1 Samuel xxx. 24. David's city of Ziklag had been captured by the Amalekites, while he and all his men who could carry arms were absent, serving in the army of Achish, the Philistine king of Gath. On their return they found ruin, their homes harried, their wives, children, and property carried off. Wearied already with their long march, they set off at once in pursuit of the spoilers, who had had a
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Secret of Courage
'But David encouraged himself in the Lord his God.'--1 Samuel xxx. 6. David was at perhaps the very lowest ebb of his fortunes. He had long been a wandering outlaw, and had finally been driven, by Saul's persistent hostility, to take refuge in the Philistines' country. He had gathered around himself a band of desperate men, and was living very much like a freebooter. He had found refuge in a little city of the Philistines, far down in the South, from which he and his men had marched as a contingent
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Statute of David for the Sharing of the Spoil
THOSE WHO ASSOCIATE themselves with a leader must share his fortunes. Six hundred men had quitted their abodes in Judaea; unable to endure the tyranny of Saul they had linked themselves with David, and made him to be a captain over them. They were, some of them, the best of men, and some of them were the worst: in this, resembling our congregations. Some of them were choice spirits, whom David would have sought, but others were undesirable persons, from whom he might gladly have been free. However,
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 37: 1891

Thirdly, for Thy Actions.
1. Do no evil, though thou mightest; for God will not suffer the least sin, without bitter repentance, to escape unpunished. Leave not undone any good that thou canst. But do nothing without a calling, nor anything in thy calling, till thou hast first taken counsel at God's word (1 Sam. xxx. 8) of its lawfulness, and pray for his blessings upon thy endeavour; and then do it in the name of God, with cheerfulness of heart, committing the success to him, in whose power it is to bless with his grace
Lewis Bayly—The Practice of Piety

The Bright Dawn of a Reign
'And it came to pass after this, that David enquired of the Lord, saying, Shall I go up into any of the cities of Judah? And the Lord said unto him, Go up. And David said, Whither shall I go up? And He said, Unto Hebron. 2. So David went up thither, and his two wives also, Ahinoam the Jezreelitess, and Abigail, Nabal's wife, the Carmelite. 3. And his men that were with him did David bring up, every man with his household: and they dwelt in the cities of Hebron. 4. And the men of Judah came, and there
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

Canaan
Canaan was the inheritance which the Israelites won for themselves by the sword. Their ancestors had already settled in it in patriarchal days. Abraham "the Hebrew" from Babylonia had bought in it a burying-place near Hebron; Jacob had purchased a field near Shechem, where he could water his flocks from his own spring. It was the "Promised Land" to which the serfs of the Pharaoh in Goshen looked forward when they should again become free men and find a new home for themselves. Canaan had ever been
Archibald Sayce—Early Israel and the Surrounding Nations

Appendix 2 Extracts from the Babylon Talmud
Massecheth Berachoth, or Tractate on Benedictions [76] Mishnah--From what time is the "Shema" said in the evening? From the hour that the priests entered to eat of their therumah [77] until the end of the first night watch. [78] These are the words of Rabbi Eliezer. But the sages say: Till midnight. Rabban Gamaliel says: Until the column of the morning (the dawn) rises. It happened, that his sons came back from a banquet. They said to him: "We have not said the Shema.'" He said to them, "If the column
Alfred Edersheim—Sketches of Jewish Social Life

Samuel
Alike from the literary and the historical point of view, the book[1] of Samuel stands midway between the book of Judges and the book of Kings. As we have already seen, the Deuteronomic book of Judges in all probability ran into Samuel and ended in ch. xii.; while the story of David, begun in Samuel, embraces the first two chapters of the first book of Kings. The book of Samuel is not very happily named, as much of it is devoted to Saul and the greater part to David; yet it is not altogether inappropriate,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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