Acts 7:36

He led them out and performed wonders and signs in the land of Egypt, at the Red Sea, and for forty years in the wilderness.

Study Bible

He led them out
This phrase refers to Moses, who, under God's command, led the Israelites out of Egyptian bondage. The Greek word for "led" is "ἐξήγαγεν" (exēgagen), which implies a guiding or bringing forth. This act of leading is not merely a physical relocation but a spiritual journey from slavery to freedom, symbolizing God's deliverance and faithfulness. Historically, this event is the Exodus, a foundational narrative for the Jewish people, representing liberation and the beginning of a covenant relationship with God.

performed wonders and signs
The Greek words "τέρατα" (terata) and "σημεῖα" (sēmeia) are used here, often translated as "wonders" and "signs." These terms denote miraculous events that serve as divine authentication of Moses' leadership and God's power. In the biblical context, these wonders and signs include the ten plagues in Egypt and the parting of the Red Sea. They are acts that defy natural explanation, intended to demonstrate God's sovereignty and to instill faith in His people.

in the land of Egypt
Egypt, in biblical history, is often symbolic of oppression and idolatry. The Israelites' time in Egypt was marked by slavery and hardship, yet it was also a place where God's power was vividly displayed through the plagues. Archaeologically, Egypt was a powerful and advanced civilization, making the Israelites' deliverance even more remarkable and a testament to God's supremacy over earthly powers.

at the Red Sea
The Red Sea crossing is one of the most dramatic miracles in the Bible. The Hebrew term "Yam Suph" is often translated as "Red Sea," though it may also mean "Sea of Reeds." This event is a pivotal moment of salvation history, where God parts the waters, allowing the Israelites to escape Pharaoh's army. It is a powerful symbol of God's ability to make a way where there seems to be none, reinforcing His role as a deliverer.

for forty years in the wilderness
The number forty in the Bible often signifies a period of testing, trial, or preparation. The Israelites' forty years in the wilderness were a time of reliance on God for sustenance and guidance, as they were shaped into a nation ready to enter the Promised Land. This period is marked by God's provision, such as manna and water from the rock, and His presence, symbolized by the pillar of cloud and fire. It serves as a reminder of God's faithfulness and the importance of trust and obedience in the believer's journey.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The central figure in this verse, Moses is the leader chosen by God to deliver the Israelites from Egyptian bondage. His life and mission are pivotal in the history of Israel.

2. Egypt
The land where the Israelites were enslaved for centuries. It is the place where God performed many wonders and signs through Moses to convince Pharaoh to let His people go.

3. Red Sea
The body of water that God miraculously parted to allow the Israelites to escape from the pursuing Egyptian army, symbolizing God's power and deliverance.

4. Wilderness
The desert area where the Israelites wandered for forty years. This period was a time of testing, reliance on God, and preparation for entering the Promised Land.

5. Wonders and Signs
Miraculous acts performed by God through Moses, demonstrating His power and authority over creation and His commitment to His covenant people.

Teaching Points

God's Deliverance
Just as God delivered the Israelites from Egypt, He delivers us from sin through Jesus Christ. We can trust in His power to save and guide us.

Faith in God's Promises
The Israelites' journey through the Red Sea and the wilderness teaches us to have faith in God's promises, even when circumstances seem impossible.

Obedience and Testing
The forty years in the wilderness were a time of testing and growth. Similarly, our trials can strengthen our faith and reliance on God.

Miracles as Signs
The wonders and signs performed by God serve as reminders of His sovereignty and His active presence in our lives.

Leadership and Responsibility
Moses' leadership highlights the importance of obedience to God's call and the responsibility of leading others in faith.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the account of Moses leading the Israelites out of Egypt encourage you in your personal journey of faith and deliverance?

2. In what ways can you relate to the Israelites' experience in the wilderness, and how can this understanding help you in your current life challenges?

3. How do the miracles performed by God in the Old Testament strengthen your faith in His power and presence today?

4. What lessons can we learn from Moses' leadership that can be applied to our roles in our families, churches, or communities?

5. How can the account of the Red Sea crossing inspire you to trust God in situations where you feel trapped or hopeless?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 3-14
These chapters provide the detailed account of Moses' call, the plagues in Egypt, and the crossing of the Red Sea, highlighting God's deliverance.

Deuteronomy 8:2-4
Reflects on the purpose of the wilderness experience, emphasizing God's provision and the importance of obedience and faith.

Hebrews 11:29
References the faith of the Israelites as they crossed the Red Sea, connecting the Old Testament events to the New Testament theme of faith.