Exodus 24:10

and they saw the God of Israel. Under His feet was a work like a pavement made of sapphire, as clear as the sky itself.

Study Bible

and they saw
The Hebrew word for "saw" is "ra'ah," which implies not just a physical sight but a deeper perception or understanding. This moment is significant because it suggests a rare, direct encounter with the divine. In the context of the Old Testament, seeing God was an extraordinary event, often associated with profound spiritual revelation and transformation. This phrase indicates a moment of divine disclosure, where the leaders of Israel were granted a glimpse of God's glory, reinforcing their faith and commitment.

the God of Israel
This title emphasizes the covenant relationship between God and the nation of Israel. It is a reminder of God's faithfulness and His role as the protector and guide of His chosen people. The phrase underscores the unique identity of Israel as a nation set apart by God, highlighting the special bond and the responsibilities that come with being God's people. Historically, this encounter would have reinforced the Israelites' understanding of their identity and mission in the world.

Under His feet
The imagery of God's feet is anthropomorphic, helping humans relate to the divine in tangible terms. In ancient Near Eastern culture, the feet were often symbolic of authority and dominion. This phrase suggests God's supreme authority and His transcendence over creation. It also implies a sense of humility and reverence for those who are privileged to witness such a vision, as they are in the presence of the Almighty.

a work like a pavement
The Hebrew word "ma'aseh" for "work" indicates craftsmanship or artistry. This description suggests that what they saw was not random or chaotic but a deliberate and beautiful creation. The pavement signifies stability and permanence, reflecting the unchanging nature of God's presence and His eternal kingdom. This imagery would have been awe-inspiring, conveying the majesty and order of God's realm.

made of sapphire
Sapphire, a precious stone, is often associated with royalty, beauty, and divine favor. In biblical symbolism, sapphire represents purity, wisdom, and heavenly realms. The use of sapphire in this context highlights the splendor and holiness of God's presence. Historically, sapphire was highly valued in ancient cultures, and its mention here would evoke a sense of wonder and reverence among the Israelites.

as clear as the sky itself
This phrase conveys the purity and clarity of the vision. The sky, often seen as a symbol of infinity and divine transcendence, reflects the boundless nature of God's glory. The clarity suggests transparency and truth, indicating that God's revelation is pure and untainted. For the Israelites, this would have been a powerful reminder of God's holiness and the clarity of His covenant promises.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to lead His people out of Egypt and to receive the Law.

2. Aaron, Nadab, and Abihu
Aaron, the brother of Moses, and his sons, Nadab and Abihu, were part of the priestly line and were present during this divine encounter.

3. Seventy Elders of Israel
Representatives of the people of Israel who accompanied Moses and Aaron to witness this theophany.

4. Mount Sinai
The mountain where God revealed Himself to Moses and gave the Law to the Israelites.

5. Theophany
A visible manifestation of God to humans, in this case, described as seeing God and the sapphire pavement under His feet.

Teaching Points

The Holiness of God
The description of God’s presence with a sapphire pavement highlights His majesty and purity. Believers are called to approach God with reverence and awe.

God’s Revelation
God chooses to reveal Himself in specific ways and times. We should seek to understand and appreciate the ways God reveals Himself to us today through Scripture and the Holy Spirit.

Leadership and Responsibility
The presence of the elders signifies the importance of leadership in experiencing and conveying God’s truth. Christian leaders are called to lead with integrity and faithfulness.

The Beauty of God’s Presence
The imagery of the sapphire pavement invites believers to meditate on the beauty and perfection of God’s presence, encouraging worship and adoration.

Unity in Worship
The collective experience of Moses, Aaron, and the elders underscores the importance of communal worship and unity in the body of Christ.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the description of God’s presence in Exodus 24:10 enhance your understanding of His holiness and majesty?

2. In what ways can we experience God’s revelation today, and how does this passage encourage us to seek His presence?

3. What responsibilities do Christian leaders have in guiding others to encounter God, as seen in the role of Moses and the elders?

4. How can the imagery of the sapphire pavement inspire our worship and adoration of God?

5. What lessons can we learn about unity and communal worship from the collective experience of Moses, Aaron, and the elders in this passage?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Ezekiel 1:26
This verse describes a vision of God with a similar imagery of a sapphire throne, connecting the divine appearance in Exodus to later prophetic visions.

Revelation 4:6
The description of a sea of glass, like crystal, before the throne of God in Revelation echoes the clear sapphire pavement seen in Exodus.

John 1:18
This verse states that no one has seen God, yet in Exodus, there is a unique encounter that suggests a special revelation or vision granted to the leaders of Israel.