Exodus 38:2
He made a horn at each of its four corners, so that the horns and altar were of one piece, and he overlaid the altar with bronze.
He made a horn at each of its four corners,

The horns projected from the altar’s four corners as signs of strength and consecrated power. Blood from sin offerings was placed on these horns, declaring that atonement was required for sinners to approach God (Leviticus 4:7). Their placement at every corner marked the altar as wholly set apart for sacrifice and worship.

Exo 27:2 Make a horn on each of its four corners, so that the horns…
Ezk 43:15 The altar hearth shall be four cubits high,…
1Ki 1:50 But Adonijah, in fear of Solomon, got up and went…

so that the horns and altar were of one piece,

The horns were not added ornaments but belonged to the altar itself. Sacrifice, atonement, and access to God could not be separated from the altar God appointed. The unified construction also anticipated the perfect sufficiency of Christ’s offering, through whom believers draw near to God.

Exo 30:2 It is to be square, a cubit long, a cubit wide…
Exo 37:25 He made the altar of incense out of acacia wood.…

and he overlaid the altar with bronze.

Bronze gave the altar durability against the continual fire and sacrifices offered upon it. Positioned in the courtyard before the entrance to the tabernacle, the bronze altar confronted every worshiper with the seriousness of sin and the necessity of a substitute. God’s judgment fell upon the sacrifice, foreshadowing Christ, who bore sin and judgment for His people.

Num 16:38 As for the censers of those who sinned…
Num 16:39 So Eleazar the priest took the bronze censers…
2Ch 4:1 He made a bronze altar twenty cubits long,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Bezalel
The chief artisan appointed by God to construct the Tabernacle and its furnishings, including the altar mentioned in this verse.

2. The Altar of Burnt Offering
A key component of the Tabernacle, used for sacrifices and offerings to God. It symbolizes atonement and reconciliation with God.

3. The Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence among the Israelites during their journey through the wilderness.

4. The Israelites
The people of God who were delivered from Egypt and were given the Law and instructions for worship.

5. The Wilderness
The setting where the Israelites wandered for 40 years and where the Tabernacle was constructed and used.
Teaching Points
Symbolism of the Altar
The altar represents the need for atonement and the seriousness of sin. It points to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ, who fulfilled the sacrificial system.

Unity in Worship
The altar being of one piece with its horns signifies the unity and completeness required in our worship and dedication to God. Our lives should be wholly devoted to Him.

The Role of Obedience
Bezalel's adherence to God's specific instructions for the altar teaches us the importance of obedience in our walk with God. We are called to follow His commands precisely.

The Significance of Sacrifice
The bronze overlay signifies strength and endurance, reminding us that our sacrifices to God should be sincere and enduring, not superficial or temporary.

God's Presence Among His People
The construction of the altar within the Tabernacle underscores God's desire to dwell among His people, a theme fulfilled in the New Testament through the indwelling of the Holy Spirit.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the construction of the altar in Exodus 38:2 reflect the character and holiness of God?

2. In what ways does the altar of burnt offering foreshadow the sacrifice of Jesus Christ?

3. How can we apply the principle of unity in worship, as seen in the altar being of one piece, to our personal and corporate worship today?

4. What does the obedience of Bezalel in constructing the altar teach us about following God's instructions in our own lives?

5. How does the concept of sacrifice in the Old Testament altar relate to the New Testament call to present our bodies as living sacrifices (Romans 12:1)?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Exodus 27:1-8
Provides the initial instructions for building the altar, emphasizing its dimensions and materials, which are fulfilled in Exodus 38:2.

Leviticus 4:7
Discusses the use of the altar's horns in the sin offering, highlighting their significance in the sacrificial system.

Hebrews 9:22
Connects the concept of blood sacrifice for atonement, which the altar facilitated, to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ.

Psalm 118:27
Mentions binding the sacrifice with cords to the horns of the altar, symbolizing dedication and consecration to God.
The Brazen Altar, the Laver, and the CourtJ. Orr Exodus 38:1-21
The Court and its LessonsJ. Urquhart Exodus 38:1-31
People
Aaron, Ahisamach, Aholiab, Bezaleel, Dan, Hur, Ithamar, Levites, Moses, Uri
Places
Sinai
Topics
Altar, Angles, Brass, Bronze, Copper, Corners, Horns, Itself, Maketh, Overlaid, Overlayeth, Piece, Plating, Thereof
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Exodus 38:2

     4654   horn

Exodus 38:1-6

     4312   bronze

Exodus 38:1-7

     7302   altar

Library
The Unmerciful Servant.
"Therefore is the kingdom of heaven likened unto a certain king, which would take account of his servants. And when he had begun to reckon, one was brought unto him, which owed him ten thousand talents. But forasmuch as he had not to pay, his lord commanded him to be sold, and his wife, and children, and all that he had, and payment to be made. The servant therefore fell down, and worshipped him, saying, Lord, have patience with me, and I will pay thee all. Then the lord of that servant was moved
William Arnot—The Parables of Our Lord

The Doctrine of the Scriptures.
I. NAMES AND TITLES. 1. THE BIBLE. 2. THE TESTAMENTS. 3. THE SCRIPTURES. 4. THE WORD OF GOD. II. INSPIRATION. 1. DEFINITION. 2. DISTINCTIONS. a) Revelation. b) Illumination. c) Reporting. 3. VIEWS: a) Natural Inspiration. b) Christian Illumination. c) Dynamic Theory. d) Concept Theory. e) Verbal Inspiration. f) Partial Inspiration. g) Plenary Inspiration. 4. THE CLAIMS OF THE SCRIPTURES THEMSELVES: a) The Old Testament. b) The New Testament. 5. THE CHARACTER (OR DEGREES) OF INSPIRATION. a) Actual
Rev. William Evans—The Great Doctrines of the Bible

Exodus
The book of Exodus--so named in the Greek version from the march of Israel out of Egypt--opens upon a scene of oppression very different from the prosperity and triumph in which Genesis had closed. Israel is being cruelly crushed by the new dynasty which has arisen in Egypt (i.) and the story of the book is the story of her redemption. Ultimately it is Israel's God that is her redeemer, but He operates largely by human means; and the first step is the preparation of a deliverer, Moses, whose parentage,
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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