Numbers 30:16

These are the statutes that the LORD commanded Moses concerning the relationship between a man and his wife, and between a father and a young daughter still in his home.

Study Bible

These are the statutes
The term "statutes" refers to decrees or laws that are established by divine authority. In Hebrew, the word is "חֻקִּים" (chukim), which implies a commandment that may not be fully understood by human reasoning but is to be followed out of obedience to God. This highlights the importance of divine law in guiding the moral and social conduct of the Israelites, emphasizing that God's wisdom surpasses human understanding.

that the LORD commanded
The phrase underscores the divine origin of these laws. "LORD" is translated from the Hebrew "יהוה" (YHWH), the sacred name of God, indicating His eternal and unchanging nature. The use of "commanded" (צִוָּה, tzivah) signifies an authoritative directive, not a suggestion, reinforcing the idea that these laws are not optional but are to be adhered to as part of the covenant relationship between God and His people.

Moses
Moses is the central human figure through whom God communicates His laws to the Israelites. As a prophet and leader, Moses serves as a mediator between God and the people. His role is crucial in the transmission of divine law, and his faithfulness in delivering God's commands is a model of obedience and leadership.

concerning a man and his wife
This phrase addresses the marital relationship, which is foundational to the social structure of Israelite society. The Hebrew context emphasizes the covenantal nature of marriage, reflecting God's design for a harmonious and committed partnership. The laws concerning a man and his wife are intended to protect the sanctity and integrity of the marital bond.

and a father and his young daughter
The mention of a father and his young daughter highlights the protective and authoritative role of the father within the family unit. In ancient Israelite culture, the father was responsible for the well-being and spiritual guidance of his household. The laws concerning a father and his daughter underscore the importance of family structure and the father's duty to safeguard his daughter's future, particularly in matters of vows and commitments.

still living in his house
This phrase indicates the daughter's dependency and the father's responsibility while she remains under his roof. It reflects the cultural and legal context of the time, where a daughter's transition from her father's house to her husband's was a significant event. The laws provided here ensure that the father's authority is respected and that the daughter's interests are protected until she enters into her own household.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD
The divine lawgiver who provides statutes and commandments to guide the Israelites in their covenant relationship with Him.

2. Moses
The prophet and leader of Israel who receives and communicates God's laws to the people. He serves as a mediator between God and the Israelites.

3. A Man and His Wife
Represents the marital relationship, highlighting the authority and responsibility within the family unit as ordained by God.

4. A Father and His Young Daughter
Illustrates the protective and authoritative role of a father over his unmarried daughter, emphasizing family structure and responsibility.

5. The Israelites
The covenant community to whom these statutes are given, representing God's chosen people who are to live according to His laws.

Teaching Points

Divine Order in Family Relationships
God has established a clear order and structure within the family, emphasizing the roles and responsibilities of each member. Understanding and respecting these roles leads to harmony and reflects God's design.

Authority and Responsibility
Authority in the family is coupled with responsibility. Husbands and fathers are called to lead with love and care, ensuring the well-being and spiritual growth of their wives and children.

The Importance of Vows and Commitments
The context of Numbers 30 involves vows, highlighting the seriousness of making commitments before God. This teaches us to be mindful and intentional about the promises we make.

Protection and Provision
The statutes reflect God's concern for the protection and provision of women within the family structure, ensuring they are cared for and not left vulnerable.

Living in Covenant Community
As part of God's covenant people, we are called to live according to His statutes, which includes honoring family relationships and commitments.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the structure of authority in Numbers 30:16 reflect God's design for family relationships, and how can we apply this in our own families today?

2. In what ways do the roles of a husband and father in Numbers 30:16 align with the teachings in Ephesians 5:22-33?

3. How can understanding the seriousness of vows and commitments in Numbers 30 help us in making decisions and promises in our daily lives?

4. What practical steps can fathers take to fulfill their role in guiding and protecting their daughters, as seen in Numbers 30:16 and Deuteronomy 6:6-7?

5. How can we, as members of a covenant community, support and uphold the family structures and responsibilities outlined in Numbers 30:16?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 2:24
This verse establishes the foundational principle of marriage, where a man leaves his parents and unites with his wife, becoming one flesh. It connects to the authority and unity described in Numbers 30:16.

Ephesians 5:22-33
This passage elaborates on the roles within marriage, emphasizing love and submission, which aligns with the principles of authority and responsibility in Numbers 30:16.

Deuteronomy 6:6-7
Highlights the importance of teaching God's commandments within the family, reinforcing the father's role in guiding his household as seen in Numbers 30:16.