Numbers 31:47

From the Israelites' half, Moses took one out of every fifty persons and animals and gave them to the Levites who kept charge of the tabernacle of the LORD, as the LORD had commanded him.

Study Bible

From the Israelites’ half
This phrase refers to the division of the spoils of war after the Israelites' victory over the Midianites. The spoils were divided into two equal parts: one for the warriors who fought in the battle and one for the rest of the community. This division underscores the communal nature of Israelite society, where even those who did not directly participate in battle shared in the victory.

Moses took one out of every fifty persons and animals
Moses, as the leader and mediator between God and the people, was responsible for ensuring that the spoils were distributed according to divine instruction. The specific ratio of one out of fifty indicates a tithe-like offering, which was a common practice in ancient Israel to support religious functions and the priesthood. This reflects the principle of dedicating a portion of one's resources to God, a theme that runs throughout the Old Testament.

and gave them to the Levites
The Levites were the tribe set apart for religious duties and the service of the tabernacle. They did not receive a territorial inheritance like the other tribes, so they relied on the offerings and tithes from the people for their sustenance. This allocation from the spoils ensured that the Levites could continue their sacred duties without distraction, highlighting the importance of supporting those who serve in religious capacities.

who kept charge of the tabernacle of the LORD
The tabernacle was the portable sanctuary where God's presence dwelled among the Israelites during their wilderness journey. The Levites were responsible for its care, transport, and the conduct of worship within it. This role was crucial for maintaining the spiritual life of the nation and ensuring that the covenant relationship with God was upheld.

as the LORD had commanded him
This phrase emphasizes Moses' obedience to God's instructions. Throughout the Pentateuch, Moses is portrayed as a faithful servant who carries out God's commands precisely. This obedience is a model for the Israelites and for believers, illustrating the importance of following divine guidance in all aspects of life. It also underscores the authority of God's word and the necessity of adhering to it.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, who is overseeing the distribution of the spoils of war.

2. Eleazar the Priest
The son of Aaron, who assists Moses in religious duties and the distribution process.

3. The Israelites
The people of God, who have just returned from a victorious battle against the Midianites.

4. The Levites
The tribe set apart for religious duties, who receive a portion of the spoils.

5. The Midianites
The people defeated by the Israelites, whose possessions are being divided.

Teaching Points

Stewardship and Fairness
The division of spoils among the Israelites and the Levites teaches us about the importance of fair distribution and stewardship of resources.

Support for Ministry
The allocation to the Levites underscores the need to support those dedicated to spiritual service.

Obedience to God's Commands
The Israelites' adherence to God's instructions through Moses reflects the importance of obedience in our lives.

Community and Sharing
The communal aspect of sharing resources highlights the value of community and mutual support among believers.

God's Provision
This passage reminds us of God's provision and faithfulness in supplying the needs of His people.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the distribution of spoils in Numbers 31:47 reflect principles of stewardship and fairness in our own lives?

2. In what ways can we support those who are dedicated to ministry and spiritual service today, as the Israelites supported the Levites?

3. How does the obedience of the Israelites in this passage challenge us to follow God's commands in our daily lives?

4. What are some practical ways we can foster a sense of community and sharing within our church or small group?

5. How can we recognize and give thanks for God's provision in our lives, as seen in the distribution of resources in this passage?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 32
The Levites' role in the aftermath of the golden calf incident, highlighting their dedication and service to God.

Joshua 13
The distribution of the land among the tribes of Israel, showing a pattern of dividing resources among God's people.

1 Samuel 30
David's fair distribution of spoils after battle, reflecting a similar principle of sharing among the community.

2 Chronicles 31
The organization and distribution of resources for temple service, emphasizing the importance of supporting religious duties.