The terms "cornerstone" and "foundation stone" hold significant theological and symbolic meaning within the biblical narrative, representing both physical and spiritual concepts. These terms are used throughout Scripture to convey ideas of strength, stability, and the essential nature of Christ in the life of believers and the Church.

Old Testament Usage

In the Old Testament, the cornerstone is often referred to in the context of construction, symbolizing the first stone set in the foundation of a building, crucial for aligning the entire structure. Isaiah 28:16 states, "So this is what the Lord GOD says: 'See, I lay a stone in Zion, a tested stone, a precious cornerstone, a sure foundation; the one who believes will never be shaken.'" Here, the cornerstone is depicted as a divine provision, a symbol of security and trust for those who believe.

The cornerstone also appears in Psalm 118:22 : "The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone." This verse prophetically points to the coming Messiah, who, though rejected by many, becomes the essential foundation of God's redemptive plan.

New Testament Fulfillment

In the New Testament, the cornerstone metaphor is explicitly applied to Jesus Christ. Ephesians 2:19-20 states, "Therefore you are no longer strangers and foreigners, but fellow citizens with the saints and members of God’s household, built on the foundation of the apostles and prophets, with Christ Jesus Himself as the cornerstone." This passage emphasizes the unity and continuity of the Church, built upon the teachings of the apostles and prophets, with Christ as the central, unifying cornerstone.

1 Peter 2:6-7 further elaborates on this theme: "For it stands in Scripture: 'See, I lay in Zion a stone, a chosen and precious cornerstone; and the one who believes in Him will never be put to shame.' To you who believe, then, this stone is precious. But to those who do not believe, 'The stone the builders rejected has become the cornerstone.'" Here, Peter affirms the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy in Christ, highlighting the dual response to Jesus as either a foundation for faith or a stumbling block for unbelief.

Theological Significance

Theologically, the cornerstone represents Christ's preeminence and foundational role in the Church. As the cornerstone, Jesus is the source of spiritual life and the standard by which all teaching and practice are measured. The imagery of the cornerstone underscores the necessity of aligning one's life and faith with Christ to ensure spiritual stability and growth.

The foundation stone, closely related to the cornerstone, signifies the beginning of a new covenant community, the Church, which is built upon the revelation of Jesus Christ as Lord and Savior. This foundation is unshakeable, providing believers with assurance and hope.

Practical Implications

For believers, the cornerstone metaphor serves as a reminder of the importance of building one's life on the teachings and person of Jesus Christ. It calls for a commitment to align one's values, decisions, and actions with the truth of the Gospel. The cornerstone also encourages unity within the body of Christ, as all members are joined together in Him, forming a spiritual house that glorifies God.

In summary, the biblical concept of the cornerstone and foundation stone is rich with meaning, pointing to Jesus Christ as the essential and enduring foundation of faith, the Church, and the believer's life.