Definition and Context:

Oppression and extortion are terms frequently encountered in the Bible, often used to describe unjust practices that exploit the vulnerable and violate God's commandments for justice and righteousness. Oppression refers to the exercise of authority or power in a burdensome, cruel, or unjust manner, while extortion involves obtaining something, especially money, through force or threats.

Biblical References:

The Bible consistently condemns oppression and extortion, emphasizing God's concern for justice and the protection of the poor and marginalized. In the Old Testament, the Law given to Israel explicitly prohibits such practices. Leviticus 19:13 states, "You must not defraud your neighbor or rob him. The wages of a hired worker must not remain with you until morning." This command underscores the importance of fair treatment and timely payment, reflecting God's justice.

The prophets frequently denounced oppression and extortion as sins that provoked God's wrath. In Isaiah 10:1-2 , the prophet declares, "Woe to those who enact unjust statutes and issue oppressive decrees, to deprive the poor of justice and rob the oppressed of My people of their rights, so that widows may be their prey and they may plunder the fatherless." Here, Isaiah highlights the systemic nature of oppression, where laws and decrees are manipulated to exploit the vulnerable.

In the New Testament, Jesus and the apostles continue this theme. Jesus rebukes the Pharisees for their hypocrisy and extortion in Matthew 23:25 : "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, you hypocrites! You clean the outside of the cup and dish, but inside they are full of greed and self-indulgence." This passage illustrates how religious leaders, while appearing righteous, were guilty of exploiting others.

Moral and Theological Implications:

From a biblical perspective, oppression and extortion are not merely social or economic issues but are deeply spiritual problems that reflect a heart turned away from God. They are manifestations of greed, pride, and a lack of love for one's neighbor. The Bible teaches that all people are created in the image of God (Genesis 1:27), and thus, any form of exploitation is an affront to the dignity bestowed by God upon every individual.

The biblical call to justice is rooted in God's character. Psalm 103:6 affirms, "The LORD executes righteousness and justice for all the oppressed." God's people are called to emulate His justice and mercy, advocating for the oppressed and standing against extortion. Proverbs 31:8-9 exhorts believers to "Speak up for those who cannot speak for themselves, for the rights of all who are destitute. Speak up and judge fairly; defend the rights of the poor and needy."

Practical Application:

Believers are encouraged to examine their own lives and communities for any practices or systems that may contribute to oppression or extortion. The call to justice is not limited to personal conduct but extends to societal structures. Christians are urged to be advocates for change, ensuring that laws and practices reflect God's justice and compassion.

Furthermore, the church is called to be a refuge for the oppressed, providing support and advocacy for those who suffer under unjust systems. Acts of charity, while important, must be accompanied by efforts to address the root causes of oppression and extortion, aligning with the biblical mandate to "let justice roll on like a river, and righteousness like an ever-flowing stream" (Amos 5:24).

In summary, oppression and extortion are serious offenses in the biblical narrative, condemned by God and contrary to His nature. Believers are called to uphold justice, protect the vulnerable, and reflect God's righteousness in all aspects of life.