Sheba, the son of Bichri, is a figure mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically in the context of King David's reign. His account is primarily found in 2 Samuel 20. Sheba is described as a "worthless man" (2 Samuel 20:1) who instigated a rebellion against King David following the quelling of Absalom's insurrection. His actions are significant as they highlight the ongoing challenges to David's kingship and the fragile unity of Israel during this period.

Background and Rebellion

Sheba was a Benjamite, and his rebellion is seen as an extension of the tribal tensions that existed within the united monarchy of Israel. After the death of Absalom, there was a dispute between the men of Israel and the men of Judah regarding their loyalty to David. Seizing this opportunity, Sheba blew a trumpet and declared, "We have no share in David, no inheritance in Jesse’s son. Every man to his tent, O Israel!" (2 Samuel 20:1). This proclamation led many Israelites to abandon David and follow Sheba, further exacerbating the division within the nation.

Pursuit and Siege

In response to Sheba's rebellion, David appointed Amasa to gather the men of Judah to pursue Sheba. However, Amasa delayed, prompting David to send Abishai and Joab with the king's men to capture Sheba. The pursuit led them to the city of Abel Beth Maacah, where Sheba had sought refuge. Joab's forces laid siege to the city, building a siege ramp against the outer rampart.

The Wise Woman of Abel

As the siege intensified, a wise woman from the city intervened. She called out to Joab, seeking to negotiate and prevent the destruction of the city. The woman questioned Joab's intentions and reminded him of the city's reputation for wisdom and peace. Joab explained that his goal was not to destroy the city but to capture Sheba, the rebel leader. The woman assured Joab that Sheba's head would be thrown over the wall to him.

Sheba's Death

True to her word, the wise woman convinced the people of Abel Beth Maacah to execute Sheba. They beheaded him and threw his head over the wall to Joab. With Sheba's death, the rebellion was quashed, and Joab blew the trumpet to signal the end of the siege. The troops dispersed, and Joab returned to Jerusalem to report to King David (2 Samuel 20:22).

Significance

Sheba's rebellion and subsequent death underscore the internal strife and political instability that marked David's reign. His actions serve as a reminder of the persistent tribal divisions and the challenges faced by the monarchy in maintaining unity among the twelve tribes of Israel. The intervention of the wise woman of Abel also highlights the role of wisdom and diplomacy in resolving conflicts and preserving peace within the community.