The commissioning of the Twelve Apostles is a pivotal event in the New Testament, marking the formal appointment and sending out of Jesus' closest disciples to preach the Gospel and perform miracles. This event is recorded in the Synoptic Gospels: Matthew 10:1-4, Mark 3:13-19, and Luke 6:12-16. Each account provides insight into the selection and mission of these foundational figures in early Christianity.

Selection of the Twelve

The selection of the Twelve Apostles was a deliberate and prayerful decision by Jesus. According to Luke 6:12-13, Jesus spent the entire night in prayer before choosing the Twelve from among His disciples. This underscores the significance of their role in His ministry and the establishment of the Church. The Twelve Apostles were Simon Peter, James and John (the sons of Zebedee), Andrew, Philip, Bartholomew (Nathanael), Matthew (Levi), Thomas, James (the son of Alphaeus), Thaddaeus (Judas, son of James), Simon the Zealot, and Judas Iscariot, who later betrayed Jesus.

Commissioning and Authority

In Matthew 10:1, Jesus grants the Twelve Apostles authority over unclean spirits and the power to heal every disease and sickness. This empowerment is a testament to their role as His representatives, tasked with continuing His work. The Berean Standard Bible states, "Jesus called His twelve disciples to Him and gave them authority over unclean spirits, so that they could drive them out and heal every disease and sickness."

Instructions for the Mission

Jesus provides specific instructions for their mission, emphasizing reliance on God and the urgency of their task. In Matthew 10:5-15, He instructs them to go only to the lost sheep of Israel, proclaiming, "The kingdom of heaven is near" (Matthew 10:7). They are to heal the sick, raise the dead, cleanse lepers, and drive out demons, freely giving as they have freely received (Matthew 10:8).

The Apostles are to travel light, taking no gold, silver, or copper, no bag for the journey, and only one tunic, sandals, and a staff (Mark 6:8-9). This reliance on God's provision is a lesson in faith and trust, as they are to depend on the hospitality of those who receive their message.

Warnings and Encouragements

Jesus also prepares the Apostles for the challenges they will face. He warns them of persecution, betrayal, and rejection, yet encourages them with the promise of the Holy Spirit's guidance and the assurance of God's care (Matthew 10:16-31). In Matthew 10:32-33, He emphasizes the importance of acknowledging Him before others, promising that those who do so will be acknowledged before His Father in heaven.

Significance in Early Christianity

The commissioning of the Twelve Apostles is foundational to the spread of Christianity. Their mission, initially focused on Israel, foreshadows the broader mission to the Gentiles after Jesus' resurrection and the Great Commission (Matthew 28:18-20). The Apostles' teachings and actions, as recorded in the New Testament, form the bedrock of Christian doctrine and practice.

The Twelve Apostles, through their unique calling and empowerment by Jesus, played a crucial role in the establishment and growth of the early Church. Their commissioning highlights the importance of discipleship, faith, and the proclamation of the Gospel, principles that continue to resonate within Christianity today.