The concept of the "natural man" is a significant theme in Christian theology, particularly in understanding the nature of humanity in its unregenerate state. The term is often used to describe individuals who have not experienced spiritual rebirth or regeneration through faith in Jesus Christ. This entry explores the biblical basis for understanding the natural man, drawing from scriptural references and theological insights.

Biblical Foundation

The Apostle Paul provides a foundational understanding of the natural man in his first letter to the Corinthians. In 1 Corinthians 2:14 , Paul writes, "The natural man does not accept the things that come from the Spirit of God. For they are foolishness to him, and he cannot understand them, because they are spiritually discerned." This verse highlights the inability of the natural man to comprehend spiritual truths, as they are perceived as foolishness without the illumination of the Holy Spirit.

Characteristics of the Natural Man

1. Lack of Spiritual Discernment: As noted in 1 Corinthians 2:14, the natural man is characterized by an inability to understand or accept spiritual matters. This lack of discernment is due to the absence of the Holy Spirit's work in their life, which is essential for grasping the deeper truths of God.

2. Dominated by the Flesh: The natural man is often described as being governed by the desires of the flesh. In Romans 8:7-8 , Paul states, "The mind of the flesh is hostile to God; it does not submit to God’s law, nor can it do so. Those controlled by the flesh cannot please God." This passage underscores the inherent opposition of the natural man to God's will and law.

3. Spiritually Dead: Ephesians 2:1-3 describes the natural state of humanity as being "dead in your trespasses and sins, in which you used to walk when you conformed to the ways of this world." The natural man is spiritually dead, living according to worldly principles and under the influence of sinful nature.

4. Alienation from God: The natural man is alienated from the life of God due to ignorance and hardness of heart. Ephesians 4:18 explains, "They are darkened in their understanding and alienated from the life of God because of the ignorance that is in them due to the hardness of their hearts."

Theological Implications

The state of the natural man has profound theological implications, particularly concerning the doctrine of salvation. The natural man's inability to understand or accept spiritual truths underscores the necessity of divine intervention for salvation. This intervention is accomplished through the work of the Holy Spirit, who convicts individuals of sin, righteousness, and judgment (John 16:8) and enables them to respond to the gospel.

Contrast with the Spiritual Man

The natural man is often contrasted with the spiritual man, who is characterized by a life transformed by the Holy Spirit. In 1 Corinthians 2:15-16 , Paul contrasts the natural man with the spiritual man, stating, "The spiritual man judges all things, but he himself is not subject to anyone’s judgment. For, 'Who has known the mind of the Lord, so as to instruct Him?' But we have the mind of Christ." The spiritual man possesses the mind of Christ, enabling him to understand and live according to God's will.

Conclusion

Understanding the natural man is crucial for comprehending the human condition apart from God's grace. The biblical portrayal of the natural man highlights the need for spiritual regeneration and the transformative work of the Holy Spirit in bringing individuals from spiritual death to life in Christ.