Ps 4:1-8. On Neginoth, that is, stringed instruments, as the kind of musical accompaniment. On other parts of title, see [569]Introduction., The historical occasion was probably the same as that of the foregoing [see on [570]Ps 3:1]. The writer, praying for further relief, admonishes his enemies of the vanity of attacking God's servant, exhorts them to repentance, and avows his confidence and peace in God's favor.

1. Hear—as in Ps 3:4.

God of my righteousness—or, "my righteous God, as my holy hill" (Ps 2:6), who will act towards me on righteous principles.

thou hast enlarged—expresses relief afforded in opposition to "distress," which is expressed by a word denoting straits or pressure. Past favor is a ground of hope for the future.

turn my glory—or, "royal dignity."

into shame—or, "reproach."

vanity—a foolish and hopeless enterprise (Ps 2:1).

leasing—a lie.

light of thy countenance upon us—figure for favor (Nu 6:26; Ps 44:3; 81:16).

increased—an abundant harvest giving great joy (Isa 9:3).