Lexical Summary Kilmad: Kilmad Original Word: כִּלְמָד Strong's Exhaustive Concordance Chilmad Of foreign derivation; Kilmad, a place apparently in the Assyrian empire -- Chilmad. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof foreign origin Definition a place of unc. location NASB Translation Chilmad (1). Brown-Driver-Briggs כִּלְמַד proper name, of a location (si vera lectio) Ezekiel 27:23, named after אַשּׁוּר, ᵐ5 Ξαρμαν; = modern Kalwâdha near Bagdad, according to G. SmithTSBA i, 61 DlPa 206, compare SchrCOT; but text dubious see Co; ᵑ7 ומדי, whence MezStadt Harran 34 כָּלמָֿדַי all Media; JKi Hi Co כְּלִמּוּד (רְכֻלָּתֵךְ) Asshur was as thine apprentice (see below למד) in trading; but sense not very probably Topical Lexicon Name and Possible Meaning While its precise derivation is uncertain, the term likely designates a distinct locality in Mesopotamia. Ancient versions leave the consonants intact, suggesting the place was known in Ezekiel’s day. Some researchers relate it to a site along the Tigris River, perhaps near modern Kalwādā south-east of Baghdad, a view that fits the trading pattern described in Ezekiel. Scriptural Context Ezekiel 27:23 lists Chilmad among a cluster of Mesopotamian trading partners of the Phoenician city of Tyre: “Haran, Canneh, and Eden, as well as the merchants of Sheba, Asshur, and Chilmad traded with you” (Berean Standard Bible). The verse is part of Ezekiel’s lamentation over Tyre (Ezekiel 27:1-36), a poetic catalogue highlighting the city’s extensive commercial network and warning of its impending ruin. Historical and Geographical Considerations 1. Mesopotamian Corridor: The grouping with Haran (in upper Mesopotamia) and Asshur (in Assyria) places Chilmad somewhere along the north-south caravan route that paralleled the Tigris. Role in Ancient Commerce Tyre’s merchants prized Mesopotamian textiles, spices, and stones. Chilmad’s placement in the list hints that it handled specialty items—perhaps dyed fabrics or fine embroidery—common to the Tigris trade. Its inclusion underscores the breadth of Tyrian exchange: from distant Tarshish in the west (Ezekiel 27:12) to riverine hubs in the east. Prophetic Significance in Ezekiel 27 The lament over Tyre uses commercial partners like Chilmad to dramatize the magnitude of the city’s fall. By naming well-known centers across the ancient world, the prophet establishes that no alliance, however far-flung, could avert divine judgment. The ruin of Tyre thus becomes a warning to every nation trusting in wealth rather than in the Lord. Theological and Ministry Applications • Fleeting Prosperity: Chilmad’s mention—otherwise forgotten by history—illustrates how even bustling markets vanish when separated from God’s purposes. Believers are reminded to invest in eternal riches rather than transient gain (Matthew 6:19-20). See Also Haran; Asshur; Tyre; Ezekiel 26–28; Revelation 18 Forms and Transliterations כִּלְמַ֥ד כלמד kil·maḏ kilMad kilmaḏLinks Interlinear Greek • Interlinear Hebrew • Strong's Numbers • Englishman's Greek Concordance • Englishman's Hebrew Concordance • Parallel TextsEnglishman's Concordance Ezekiel 27:23 HEB: שְׁבָ֑א אַשּׁ֖וּר כִּלְמַ֥ד רֹכַלְתֵּֽךְ׃ NAS: Asshur [and] Chilmad traded KJV: Asshur, [and] Chilmad, [were] thy merchants. INT: of Sheba Asshur Chilmad traded 1 Occurrence |
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