In what ways does Exodus 21:27 connect to Jesus' teachings on justice? Setting the Scene in Exodus 21:27 “And if he knocks out the tooth of his male or female servant, he shall let the servant go free on account of the tooth.” What this Teaches about Justice • Even the least-valued person in ancient society—a household slave—possessed God-given dignity. • Physical harm demanded concrete restitution: freedom, not merely an apology. • The principle is proportional: one damaged tooth triggers release from bondage—no more, no less. How Jesus Picks Up the Same Thread • Matthew 5:38-39: “You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’ But I tell you, do not resist an evil person…” – Jesus cites the very “tooth for tooth” formula, affirming its justice while calling His followers to go beyond bare retribution. • Luke 4:18: “He has sent Me to proclaim liberty to the captives… to set free the oppressed.” – Freedom for the injured slave foreshadows Christ’s mission to liberate all held in any form of bondage. • Matthew 12:20: “A bruised reed He will not break, and a smoldering wick He will not extinguish.” – Gentle care for the weak mirrors the law’s protection of an injured servant. Justice According to Jesus—Consistent Yet Deeper • Same foundation: Wrong must be righted (Exodus 21:27). • Greater horizon: Offer grace that transforms hearts (Matthew 5:44). • Value of every person: From a slave with a damaged tooth to the least of Jesus’ “brothers” (Matthew 25:40). From Retribution to Redemption 1. Mosaic Law: tangible compensation; slave released. 2. Gospel Fulfillment: the Cross secures release “from the law of sin and death” (Romans 8:2); Jesus pays the debt Himself. 3. Believer’s Calling: practice restorative justice—protect, compensate, and, when possible, free the oppressed (James 1:27). Living It Out Today • Stand up for anyone harmed or exploited; insist on fair restitution. • Go further—seek their restoration, not just compensation. • Reflect Christ’s heart: combine justice with mercy, strength with gentleness, truth with love. |
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