In what ways does Ezra 5:9 connect to Romans 13:1 on authority? Scripture texts “And we questioned the elders and asked them: ‘Who authorized you to rebuild this temple and restore this structure?’” “Everyone must submit himself to the governing authorities, for there is no authority except from God. The authorities that exist have been appointed by God.” the scene in Ezra 5: respect for civil authority • Local Persian officials arrive in Jerusalem, notice the rebuilding, and immediately ask for proof of authorization. • The Jewish elders do not bristle or rebel; they respectfully answer (vv. 11–16) and point to Cyrus’s written decree—legitimate civil documentation. • By honoring the process, they recognize that earthly rulers hold real, God-ordained authority (cf. Isaiah 45:1 where God calls Cyrus “His anointed”). Romans 13:1: the principle stated • All governing powers are “appointed by God.” • Submission to them is not optional; it is part of submission to God Himself (cf. 1 Peter 2:13–17; Proverbs 21:1). • The text does not erase God’s ultimate sovereignty; rather, it shows He works through human structures. shared themes between Ezra 5:9 and Romans 13:1 1. Authority questioned, authority affirmed • Ezra 5:9—officials insist on knowing who gave permission. • Romans 13:1—Paul explains that every ruler’s legitimacy traces back to God. 2. Written decree versus divine decree • The Jews cite Cyrus’s edict; Paul cites God’s overarching appointment. • Both decrees harmonize: God moved Cyrus’s heart (Ezra 1:1) just as He raises and removes kings (Daniel 2:21). 3. Respectful engagement • The elders cooperate, send documentation, and wait for Darius’s reply (Ezra 5:17). • Romans teaches believers to engage government peacefully, paying taxes (v. 6) and giving honor (v. 7). 4. God’s purposes accomplished through rulers • Cyrus’s decree funds the rebuilding of God’s house; Darius later re-affirms it (Ezra 6:6–12). • Romans shows that when believers honor rulers, they often secure a peaceful environment for gospel work (1 Timothy 2:1-2). 5. Limits implied, not ignored • If a ruler commands open sin, God’s authority supersedes (Acts 5:29; Daniel 3:16-18). • Yet both passages stress that normal posture is obedience, not defiance. practical takeaways for today • Expect that legitimate authority will ask, “Who gave you the right?” Be ready with lawful, respectful answers. • Recognize civil leaders as instruments in God’s hand—pray for them (Jeremiah 29:7). • Cooperate with government whenever conscience permits; it magnifies God’s orderliness and often advances His work. • Trust that no human decree can thwart God’s plans; He turns even pagan rulers into allies when it suits His purposes (Proverbs 16:7). |
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