How does Matthew 5:38 challenge the concept of "an eye for an eye"? Setting the Scene Matthew 5:38: “You have heard that it was said, ‘Eye for eye and tooth for tooth.’” What “Eye for an Eye” Meant • Originates in the Law: Exodus 21:24; Leviticus 24:20; Deuteronomy 19:21 • Designed to limit vengeance—no greater punishment than the offense • Applied through judges, not personal retaliation Jesus’ Radical Redirection • In the Sermon on the Mount, Jesus moves from limited retaliation to zero retaliation (see Matthew 5:39-42) • He exposes the heart issue: personal desire for payback contradicts kingdom righteousness • He calls His followers to: – Turn the other cheek (v. 39) — absorb insult without revenge – Yield personal rights (cloak, mile, v. 40-41) — choose generosity over retaliation – Love the offender (v. 44) — proactive good, not passive restraint Supporting Scriptures • Proverbs 20:22 — “Do not say, ‘I will repay evil’; wait for the LORD, and He will deliver you.” • Romans 12:17-19 — “Do not repay anyone evil for evil… ‘Vengeance is Mine; I will repay,’ says the Lord.” • 1 Peter 2:23 — Christ “did not retaliate; when He suffered, He made no threats.” Key Takeaways for Us Today • Justice is God’s domain; personal revenge is off-limits • True righteousness surpasses legal limits and expresses merciful love • Choosing non-retaliation reflects trust in God’s justice and showcases gospel grace |
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