What significance do "kings of Tarshish" and "islands" hold in Psalm 72:10? Setting Psalm 72 in Context • A royal psalm celebrating the reign of the son of David, ultimately looking beyond Solomon to the Messiah (cf. 2 Samuel 7:12-13; Matthew 1:1). • The whole poem moves outward from Israel to encompass “all nations” (Psalm 72:11). Verse 10 highlights the most distant maritime realms known to Israelites. Who Were the Kings of Tarshish? • Tarshish was a prosperous seaport reached only by long voyages (1 Kings 10:22). • Located at the western extremity of the known world—commonly linked with southern Spain—Tarshish symbolized wealth, exotic cargo, and maximum geographical distance (Jonah 1:3). • “Kings of Tarshish” therefore represents rulers of the farthest Gentile powers and the rich trade networks they controlled. What Do the “Islands” (or Coastlands) Represent? • Hebrew ‘iyyim points to lands across the seas—coastlands, islands, remote maritime territories. • Isaiah uses the same term to picture humanity’s farthest fringes awaiting God’s salvation (Isaiah 42:4; 49:1; 60:9). • In Psalm 72:10 the phrase stresses that no place, however isolated, will remain outside Messiah’s dominion. Combined Significance in Psalm 72:10 • Geographic extremity: East-west, land-sea extremes showcase a reign that stretches “to the ends of the earth” (v. 8). • Economic tribute: These distant monarchs bring gifts, acknowledging Messiah’s authority and enriching His kingdom (v. 15; Isaiah 60:5-6, 9). • Gentile inclusion: The verse anticipates global submission and worship (Psalm 2:8; 86:9). • Literal prophecy: Maritime nations will one day render tangible homage during Christ’s millennial reign (Revelation 21:24-26). Foreshadowed Fulfillment in Christ • Wise men from “the east” foreshadow Gentile tribute (Matthew 2:1-11). • The Great Commission commands carrying the gospel “to the ends of the earth” (Acts 1:8), fulfilling the spread of His authority first spiritually, then physically at His return. • Revelation envisions all sovereigns, including those from seafaring nations, bringing their glory into the New Jerusalem (Revelation 21:24). Takeaway for Believers Today • Confidence: Christ’s kingdom program reaches the most distant peoples—no culture lies beyond His reach. • Mission: We share in gathering tribute, not of gold alone but of worshippers from every coastland. • Hope: A literal worldwide reign is certain; Psalm 72 assures believers that global peace and justice under Messiah are not ideals but guaranteed realities. |
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