What is the meaning of Exodus 11:10? Moses and Aaron did all these wonders before Pharaoh The verse opens by reminding us that every sign God promised (Exodus 4:17) has now been displayed. • Ten escalating plagues—blood, frogs, gnats, flies, livestock disease, boils, hail, locusts, darkness, and the firstborn threat—have confronted Pharaoh (Exodus 7–11). • Each wonder was performed “before Pharaoh,” giving him repeated, unmistakable evidence of the LORD’s power (Deuteronomy 34:11; Acts 7:36). • The wording underscores Moses’ and Aaron’s obedience: they “did all,” holding nothing back (Hebrews 3:5). Their faithfulness models how God’s servants are to deliver His whole message, even when resisted (Jeremiah 1:17). but the LORD hardened Pharaoh’s heart Here the spotlight shifts from human action to divine sovereignty. • Earlier, Pharaoh hardened his own heart (Exodus 8:15, 32); God now confirms that stance (Exodus 4:21; 9:12; Romans 9:17-18). • The hardening is judicial—God giving Pharaoh over to his chosen rebellion (Proverbs 29:1). • This does not make Pharaoh a puppet; rather, it reveals a mystery where God’s will and human responsibility run side by side (Isaiah 55:8-9). • The repeated hardening magnifies God’s glory by contrasting His mercy toward Israel with His righteous judgment on Egypt (Exodus 10:1-2). so that he would not let the Israelites go out of his land The immediate outcome is another refusal, but the larger purpose is God’s redemptive plan. • Pharaoh’s “no” sets the stage for the climactic Passover and the Exodus itself (Exodus 12:29-31). • Israel remains in Egypt just long enough for God to display His supremacy over every Egyptian deity (Exodus 12:12) and to make His name known among the nations (Joshua 2:10). • The delay also teaches Israel—and us—that salvation is entirely God’s work, accomplished in His timing (Psalm 46:10). • In Pharaoh’s stubbornness we see a warning: persistent resistance to God’s word ultimately destroys a person, while surrender brings deliverance (Hebrews 3:7-8; James 4:6-10). summary Exodus 11:10 ties the whole plague narrative together. Moses and Aaron have faithfully performed every sign God commanded. Pharaoh’s repeated hardening—initiated by his own pride and confirmed by the LORD—shows God’s absolute sovereignty. The final refusal sets up the dramatic rescue of Israel, revealing both God’s justice against hardened rebellion and His mercy toward those He chooses to redeem. |
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