What is the meaning of Leviticus 16:1?

Now the LORD spoke to Moses

- Scripture opens with God taking the initiative, underscoring that every instruction in this chapter comes directly from Him (cf. Exodus 24:12; Hebrews 1:1).

- Moses, already God’s chosen mediator (Exodus 3:10-12), receives further revelation that guides Israel’s worship and safeguards their lives.

- The phrase “the LORD spoke” echoes earlier moments in the wilderness journey (Leviticus 1:1; Numbers 1:1), reminding us that God’s voice, not human opinion, governs worship.

---

after the death of two of Aaron’s sons

- This points back to the tragic event in Leviticus 10:1-2, where Nadab and Abihu “offered unauthorized fire before the LORD, contrary to His command.”

- Their death serves as a sober historical marker, highlighting the consequence of disregarding God’s holiness (Numbers 3:4).

- By mentioning the loss again, God attaches weight to the coming instructions: holy access requires holy obedience (Hebrews 12:28-29).

---

when they approached the presence of the LORD

- “Approached” recalls the nearness of the tabernacle’s Most Holy Place, where God’s glory dwelt above the atonement cover (Exodus 25:22).

- Nadab and Abihu’s misguided approach illustrates that proximity to God demands reverence and exact adherence to His word (Psalm 89:7).

- The setting prepares us for the Day of Atonement regulations that follow (Leviticus 16:2-34), showing Israel the one safe pathway into God’s presence through an appointed mediator and atoning blood (Hebrews 9:7-12).

---

summary

Leviticus 16:1 anchors the Day of Atonement in a real, sobering event: the fatal error of Nadab and Abihu. God’s direct speech to Moses, set against that backdrop, stresses that approaching His holy presence is never casual. It must unfold precisely as He commands, through the mediator He appoints, and with the atonement He provides.