What is topical preaching?

Definition of Topical Preaching

Topical preaching is a method of delivering sermons or Bible-centered messages by focusing on a specific theme, subject, or topic, rather than proceeding verse-by-verse or passage-by-passage through a single portion of Scripture. In a topical sermon, the preacher gathers multiple scriptural references that address a particular issue—such as faith, prayer, or forgiveness—and then crafts a message that shows how these passages collectively shed light on that theme.

While expository preaching tends to move systematically through a single biblical text, topical preaching explores an idea by surveying various parts of Scripture. Both methods can be used effectively to instruct, encourage, and challenge listeners in their spiritual growth.

Biblical Basis for Topical Preaching

Multiple scriptural passages underscore the importance of using “the whole counsel of God” (see Acts 20:27) to teach truth. Topical preaching draws from different books of the Bible to provide a holistic understanding of an issue, recognizing that one single passage might not disclose all that Scripture has to say.

• The apostle Paul’s instruction in 2 Timothy 3:16 reminds believers that “All Scripture is God-breathed and is profitable for instruction, for conviction, for correction, and for training in righteousness.” When approaching any topical sermon, the preacher aims to bring multiple relevant Old and New Testament references into view, allowing God’s complete Word to inform the topic.

• Additionally, 1 Peter 3:15 exhorts believers to “always be prepared to give a defense to everyone who asks you the reason for the hope that is in you.” Topical messages can unify various biblical texts to offer that clear defense and explanation of a specific belief, practice, or encouragement.

Examples of Topical Preaching

Scripture itself illustrates topical presentations found in the messages of prophets, apostles, and even in Christ’s teaching. Although the Lord and the apostles often expounded specific texts, there were moments when teaching encompassed broad themes drawn from multiple passages:

• In John 5:39, Jesus says, “You pore over the Scriptures because you presume that by them you possess eternal life. These are the very words that testify about Me.” While not labeling His own method “topical,” Jesus frequently referenced various Old Testament writings (e.g., the Law, the Prophets, and the Psalms) to show how they collectively point to Him.

• The Book of Hebrews can serve as an extended example of thematic or topical emphasis, weaving together references from multiple Old Testament passages to present Christ’s superiority over angels, over Moses, and over the Levitical priesthood (see Hebrews 1:1-4, 3:1-6, and chapters 7–10).

Advantages of Topical Preaching

1. Focused Instruction

A topical sermon allows for concentrated study on a particular concern—like spiritual gifts, marriage, or repentance—so that believers can receive comprehensive instruction from a variety of scriptural perspectives.

2. Clarity for Listeners

When a pastor or teacher systematically gathers biblical insights on a topic, listeners often find it easier to understand the Bible’s overall teaching. This method can be especially helpful for new believers or for addressing pressing contemporary questions such as ethics, practical living, or worldview issues.

3. Support for Thematic Series

Churches or study groups sometimes choose a series (e.g., “The Fruit of the Spirit” or “Biblical Principles for Relationships”) that benefits from a topical approach. By compiling verses throughout the Old and New Testaments, teachers can illustrate how God’s Word presents unified principles and truths applied to real-life situations.

Potential Limitations of Topical Preaching

1. Risk of Lack of Context

When selecting multiple Scripture passages to address one theme, there can be a temptation to lift verses out of their original context. Preachers must carefully handle each reference, ensuring that the meaning remains consistent with the intention of the biblical authors.

2. Imbalance in Bible Coverage

Repeatedly focusing on favored topics may mean that certain doctrines or books of the Bible receive little attention. Balanced teaching—encompassing both expository and topical preaching—helps congregations gain a robust grasp of Scripture.

3. Overemphasis on Application Without Exposition

At times, topical sermons can emphasize application at the expense of a deep examination of each passage. A thorough topically driven message should still respect the scriptural flow, grammar, and historical context.

Practical Steps in Developing a Topical Sermon

1. Identify a Single, Clear Topic

Effective topical preaching starts by defining a precise question or subject. Examples include: “What does the Bible teach about the character of God?” or “How do believers practice forgiveness?”

2. Gather Relevant Scriptures

Seek out verses that clearly speak to the issue, looking at the original context of each. Cross-references found in study Bibles, concordances, or digital tools can offer a broad list. As you gather these references, ensure their relevance by studying each text in its scriptural setting.

3. Organize Key Themes

Once you have assembled the passages, look for recurring ideas or categories. For instance, when discussing the topic of prayer, you might create sub-points such as “Prayer as Dependence on God,” “Prayer in the Life of Jesus,” and “Prayer for Strength in Trials.”

4. Detail the Main Points

Under each sub-point, illustrate how each verse supports the aspect of the topic. Use historical or cultural background when helpful, and consider how biblical principles align with the challenges and questions people face.

5. Make Careful Application

Interpret Scripture accurately, then guide listeners in applying its truths. Whether teaching on Christian doctrine or daily living, show how the topic impacts faith, hope, and perseverance. Personal testimonies, historical accounts, or even well-documented modern examples (such as verified medical or restoration miracles alongside scriptural teachings) can reinforce the message.

Common Concerns and Objections

Some suggest that topical messages might diminish believers’ exposure to the fuller message of Scripture. Others raise the concern that selecting certain passages while overlooking others could mislead. However, careful preparation and consistent prayer can ensure that topical sermons remain faithful to the overarching narrative of the Bible (2 Timothy 2:15, “Be diligent to present yourself approved by God, a worker who does not need to be ashamed, correctly handling the word of truth.”).

Reading entire biblical contexts, comparing multiple translations, and consulting scholarly resources on original languages can protect the preacher from mishandling texts. Church history also shows that different styles of preaching have coexisted: from the apostolic age (Acts 2; Acts 17), to early church fathers who wrote thematic treatises, to modern-day expositors and topical teachers. Each style—if rooted in Scripture—can faithfully equip others for Christian living.

Conclusion

Topical preaching is a legitimate method for exploring the Bible’s teaching on specific subjects. Its overall goal is to gather and present scriptural insights that inform believers’ thinking and behavior, always pointing back to God’s Word as authoritative. By balancing careful resource study, contextual integrity, and practical application, topical preaching can inspire deeper devotion and understanding.

Whether delivered in a local church, a small group, or an educational setting, topical messages encourage believers to see how each part of Scripture harmonizes with the rest. In this way, topical preaching remains “profitable for instruction” (2 Timothy 3:16) and a vital tool for teaching timeless truths that can transform lives.