A rapid and brilliant enumeration of the characteristics of national glory and human happiness and well being. Representative and suggestive, but not exhaustive.

I. SEVERALLY SPECIFIED. Set forth with great distinctness, as one might in a legal document; and yet a complete and comprehensive view of a nation's restoration.

1. Return of the people to their own land. (Ver. 18.) The representatives of those who had been exiled would be brought back. The shifty and uncertain character of their sojourning ("tents") in a strange land would be exchanged for a settled, civic life. As an outward symbol of this Jerusalem would be rebuilt upon its ruins. "He that made of the city a heap (Isaiah 25:1) can when he pleaseth make of a heap a city again" (Henry). The habits and customs, the public order and life of God's people, are important as being sacred even as their specially religious observances, and are therefore cared for. True religion is not merely to sojourn in the world, but to dwell there, and influence permanently the conditions and usages of human life. Nothing less than the reconstitution of human society is herein sought (cf. John 17:15).

2. Restoration of religious institutions. (Vers. 18-20.) Of these the chief, centre, and condition of all the rest - the temple, or "palace" - is first referred to. From its conspicuous and characteristic position amongst the public buildings of the city, it is mentioned in connection with its rebuilding. Because of its presence therein the latter is also sacred; and so it is said, "Out of them shall proceed," etc. The great festivals are to be restored. Worship, in its most imposing and joyous forms, will be celebrated; and this supposes for its possibility the presence in Israel of a religious, self-governing community. The spiritual training of the people will be resumed (ver. 20). Much attention was always devoted by pious Jews to the upbringing of their children, who are here promised to be "as aforetime," i.e. as Jewish children were wont to be according to the covenant, strictly and piously brought up. In this a fresh security is afforded of the religions and social prosperity of God's people. The Church can never afford to ignore the upbringing of the children. As it is a positive injunction ("Feed my lambs"), so is it a gracious privilege and favour granted to his servants that they should discharge it. The sunniest and most hopeful department of religious effort is that which relates to the young. "How is it your flowers are so grandly developed?" was asked of a gardener. "Chiefly," he replied, "because I take care of my seedlings." The sacred community of Israel will also thereby be increased and established. New, trained members will be supplied for the spiritual offices, and the ordinary membership of the congregation. It is observable that the chief increase of the Church is thus implied to be from within itself. And so it must be today.

3. National prosperity. This appears in the first place as social well being. The family life will be greatly blessed, and the population multiplied. It is a result of moral order, etc., and also a means of securing and extending the influence of righteousness. In the next place is political freedom. Tyranny will be abolished (ver. 20); and their ruler shall be one of themselves, representing their aims and aspirations, and not imposed upon them by a foreign conqueror. Lastly, political influence will extend abroad (ver. 19).

4. Covenant relations will be renewed. (Ver. 22.) This is the culminating and all-comprehensive blessing. Whilst the preceding suppose this, they are really but as antecedents to its complete realization. God will then recognize his people, and regard them with complacency. Neither will be ashamed of the other.

II. MUTUALLY RELATED. How essential is it that human life, in its interests and activities, should be regarded as a whole, the secular with the religious, the duty with the right, the responsibility with the privilege! It is a distinct loss when one portion of it is taken apart from the others and concentrates attention upon itself. Here we have a grand ideal for the individual and the community: the life of man, to be complete and healthy in its development, must extend indefinitely outwards and upwards. The deepest reverence for truth, righteousness, and God is consistent with the truest liberty. The blessings and good things of life, to be truly enjoyed, must be received as sacramental; as the outcome and expression of communion between man and God. - M.

I. A REPRESENTATION CF THE CHURCH IN A STATE OF GREAT DEPRESSION AND AFFLICTION.

1. Consternation and dismay are evinced. There is "the voice of trembling," and the agitation of "fear," at the apprehension of approaching calamities. "Every man" is represented "with his hands upon his loins," the symptoms of agonising pain; and "all faces are turned unto paleness," the effect of extreme alarm.

2. Desolation and ruin are also intimated. Their "bruise was incurable, and their wound was grievous"; for they were "wounded" by the hand of "an enemy, — with the chastisement of a cruel one."

II. THE ENCOURAGING PROMISE HERE GIVEN TO THE CHURCH OF HER RESTORATION TO PEACE AND PROSPERITY.

1. Tranquillity and protection; or, "peace in all her borders" (ver. 10).

2. The renewal of her religious privileges (vers. 18, 22).

3. The increase of her converts (ver. 19).

4. The joy of her members is next promised; — and this follows as a matter of course.

5. The destruction of her enemies.

(R. Bond.)