2 Kings 3:10
"Alas," said the king of Israel, "for the LORD has summoned these three kings to deliver them into the hand of Moab!"
“Alas,” said the king of Israel,

Jehoram, Ahab’s son, responded to the army’s crisis with fear rather than faith. Though he had removed Baal’s pillar, he continued in the sins of Jeroboam and did not lead Israel in wholehearted devotion to the LORD. His despair revealed a conscience aware of God’s rule but lacking confidence in God’s mercy and covenant faithfulness.

2Ki 6:15 When the servant of the man of God got up and went out…
Jos 7:7 “O, Lord GOD,” Joshua said, “why did You ever…”…

“for the LORD has summoned these three kings

Jehoram recognized that the combined forces of Israel, Judah, and Edom had come into this desperate situation under God’s sovereign hand. The alliance had marched through the wilderness south of the Dead Sea to confront Moab, but after seven days they found no water for themselves or their animals. Jehoshaphat, king of Judah, would soon seek a prophet of the LORD, showing the difference between anxious resignation and humble dependence on God.

1Ki 22:20-23 And the LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab to march up…’…
2Ch 18:19-22 And the LORD said, ‘Who will entice Ahab king of Israel…

to deliver them into the hand of Moab!”

Moab had rebelled after Ahab’s death, refusing the tribute it had paid to Israel. King Mesha’s revolt is also recorded on the Mesha Stele, which describes Moab’s struggle against Israel. Jehoram feared that the wilderness itself had become the means of their defeat, yet the LORD was preparing to provide water and give victory through Elisha. Israel’s safety would not rest in military alliances or human strength, but in the word and power of God.

Jdg 3:12 Once again the Israelites did evil in the sight of the LORD.…
1Sa 12:9 But they forgot the LORD their God, and He sold them…

Persons / Places / Events
1. King of Israel
At this time, the king of Israel is Jehoram, the son of Ahab. He is leading the coalition against Moab.

2. King of Judah
Jehoshaphat, the king of Judah, is known for his faithfulness to God and is part of the alliance against Moab.

3. King of Edom
The unnamed king of Edom joins the coalition with Israel and Judah against Moab.

4. Moab
A neighboring nation that rebelled against Israel after the death of Ahab, leading to this military campaign.

5. The LORD
The God of Israel, whom Jehoram blames for their predicament, showing a lack of faith and understanding.
Teaching Points
Trust in God, Not Circumstances
Jehoram's reaction shows a lack of faith. Believers are encouraged to trust in God's sovereignty, even when circumstances seem dire.

The Importance of Godly Alliances
Jehoshaphat's presence in the alliance reminds us of the importance of surrounding ourselves with those who seek God's will.

Recognizing God's Sovereignty
Jehoram's statement reflects a misunderstanding of God's control. Believers should recognize that God is sovereign and His plans are for our ultimate good.

The Danger of Blame
Jehoram's blame of God for their situation serves as a warning against shifting responsibility away from our own decisions and actions.

Seeking God's Guidance
The account encourages believers to seek God's guidance in all decisions, especially in times of crisis.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does Jehoram's reaction in 2 Kings 3:10 reflect his understanding of God's character, and how can we ensure our understanding aligns with Scripture?

2. In what ways does Jehoshaphat's involvement in this alliance demonstrate the importance of godly counsel, and how can we apply this in our own lives?

3. How can we cultivate a trust in God's sovereignty similar to that described in Psalm 20:7, especially when facing challenging circumstances?

4. What are some practical steps we can take to avoid blaming God or others when we encounter difficulties, as Jehoram did?

5. How can we actively seek God's guidance in our daily decisions, and what role does prayer and Scripture play in this process?
Connections to Other Scriptures
1 Kings 22
This chapter provides background on Jehoshaphat's previous alliance with Ahab, Jehoram's father, and highlights Jehoshaphat's consistent reliance on God's guidance.

2 Chronicles 20
Offers insight into Jehoshaphat's character and his reliance on God during a different military crisis, contrasting with Jehoram's response.

Psalm 20:7
Emphasizes trust in the name of the LORD rather than in military might, contrasting with Jehoram's despair.
An Evil ConscienceJ. Orr 2 Kings 3:10
Forgetting God, and its ResultsC.H. Irwwin 2 Kings 3:4-12
Worldly Rulers - Men in Trial Seeking Help from a Godly ManD. Thomas 2 Kings 3:6-12
Man's Extremity is God's OpportunityJ. Orr 2 Kings 3:9-17, 20
People
Ahab, Aram, Elijah, Elisha, Israelites, Jehoram, Jehoshaphat, Jeroboam, Mesha, Moabites, Nebat, Shaphat
Places
Edom, Kir-hareseth, Moab, Samaria
Topics
Alas, Deliver, Got, Hands, Kings, Moab, Trouble
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Kings 3:9

     4293   water

Library
Sight and Blindness
'Then the king of Syria warred against Israel, and took counsel with his servants, saying, In such and such a place shall be my camp. 9. And the man of God sent unto the king of Israel, saying, Beware that them pass not such a place; for thither the Syrians are come down. 10. And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of, and saved himself there, not once nor twice. 11. Therefore the heart of the king of Syria was sore troubled for this thing; and he called
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Minstrel
ELISHA needed that the Holy Spirit should come upon him to inspire him with prophetic utterances. "Holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost." We need that the hand of the Lord should be laid upon us, for we can never open our mouths in wisdom except we are under the divine touch. Now, the Spirit of God works according to his own will. "The wind bloweth where it listeth," and the Spirit of God operates as he chooseth. Elisha could not prophesy just when he liked; he must wait until
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 27: 1881

The Old Testament and Archeology
A century ago the student of the world's history found it exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to paint for himself a clear picture of events antedating B.C. 400. Concerning earlier periods, he was, aside from the Old Testament, practically without records that could claim contemporaneousness with the events recorded. But, one hundred years ago, men had commenced to test every statement, be it historical, or scientific, or theological, by severe canons of criticism, and if it could not stand
Frederick Carl Eiselen—The Christian View of the Old Testament

Balak's Inquiries Relative to the Service of God, and Balaam's Answer, Briefly Considered.
"Wherewith shall I come before the Lord, and bow myself before the high God? Shall I come before him with burnt offerings, with calves of a year old? Will the Lord be pleased with, thousands of rams, or with ten thousands of rivers of oil? Shall I give my first born for my transgression; the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?--He hath shewed thee, 0 man, what is good: And what doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?" As mankind are
Andrew Lee et al—Sermons on Various Important Subjects

The Prophet Amos.
GENERAL PRELIMINARY REMARKS. It will not be necessary to extend our preliminary remarks on the prophet Amos, since on the main point--viz., the circumstances under which he appeared as a prophet--the introduction to the prophecies of Hosea may be regarded as having been written for those of Amos also. For, according to the inscription, they belong to the same period at which Hosea's prophetic ministry began, viz., the latter part of the reign of Jeroboam II., and after Uzziah had ascended the
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Prophet Joel.
PRELIMINARY REMARKS. The position which has been assigned to Joel in the collection of the Minor Prophets, furnishes an external argument for the determination of the time at which Joel wrote. There cannot be any doubt that the Collectors were guided by a consideration of the chronology. The circumstance, that they placed the prophecies of Joel just between the two prophets who, according to the inscriptions and contents of their prophecies, belonged to the time of Jeroboam and Uzziah, is
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Secret of Its Greatness
[Illustration: (drop cap G) The Great Pyramid] God always chooses the right kind of people to do His work. Not only so, He always gives to those whom He chooses just the sort of life which will best prepare them for the work He will one day call them to do. That is why God put it into the heart of Pharaoh's daughter to bring up Moses as her own son in the Egyptian palace. The most important part of Moses' training was that his heart should be right with God, and therefore he was allowed to remain
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

The Assyrian Revival and the Struggle for Syria
Assur-nazir-pal (885-860) and Shalmaneser III. (860-825)--The kingdom of Urartu and its conquering princes: Menuas and Argistis. Assyria was the first to reappear on the scene of action. Less hampered by an ancient past than Egypt and Chaldaea, she was the sooner able to recover her strength after any disastrous crisis, and to assume again the offensive along the whole of her frontier line. Image Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a bas-relief at Koyunjik of the time of Sennacherib. The initial cut,
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 7

Kings
The book[1] of Kings is strikingly unlike any modern historical narrative. Its comparative brevity, its curious perspective, and-with some brilliant exceptions--its relative monotony, are obvious to the most cursory perusal, and to understand these things is, in large measure, to understand the book. It covers a period of no less than four centuries. Beginning with the death of David and the accession of Solomon (1 Kings i., ii.) it traverses his reign with considerable fulness (1 Kings iii.-xi.),
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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