2 Kings 3:25
They destroyed the cities, and each man threw stones on every good field until it was covered. They stopped up every spring and cut down every good tree. Only Kir-haraseth was left with stones in place, but men with slings surrounded it and attacked it as well.
They destroyed the cities,

Israel, Judah, and Edom carried out Elisha’s announced judgment against Moab. The campaign did not merely defeat Moab’s army; it dismantled the centers of its strength, security, and administration.

Deu 2:34 At that time we captured all his cities…
Jos 11:11 The Israelites put everyone in Hazor to the sword.…
Jer 48:8 The destroyer will move against every city,…

and each man threw stones on every good field until it was covered.

The soldiers deliberately ruined productive farmland by covering it with stones, making cultivation difficult and diminishing future harvests. Moab’s resistance to Israel had brought devastation upon the land that sustained its people.

Mic 3:12 Therefore, because of you, Zion will be plowed like a field…
Jer 4:26 I looked, and the fruitful land was a desert.…
Isa 5:5-6 Now I will tell you what I am about to do to My vineyard:…

They stopped up every spring

Springs supplied drinking water, livestock, and irrigation in Moab’s dry terrain. Closing them weakened surviving communities and prevented the rapid recovery of Moab’s agricultural life.

Gen 26:15 So the Philistines took dirt and stopped up…
2Ch 32:3-4 he consulted with his leaders and mighty men…

and cut down every good tree.

Fruit trees and timber-bearing trees represented years of growth and provision. Their destruction fulfilled the specific word God had given through Elisha, showing that the victory and its extent came from the Lord rather than from the coalition’s military power alone.

Deu 20:19-20 When you lay siege to a city for an extended time…
Isa 37:24 Through your servants you have taunted the Lord…
2Ki 19:23 Through your servants you have taunted the Lord,…

Only Kir-haraseth was left with stones in place,

Kir-haraseth was Moab’s principal fortified city, probably located at modern Kerak east of the Dead Sea. Its strong defenses enabled it to remain standing after the surrounding cities, fields, springs, and trees had been devastated. Later prophets remembered Kir-hareseth as a place of mourning in judgments pronounced against Moab.

Isa 16:7 Therefore let Moab wail; let them wail together for Moab.…
Jer 48:31 Therefore I will wail for Moab; I will cry out…
Jer 48:36 Therefore My heart laments like a flute for Moab;…

but men with slings surrounded it and attacked it as well.

Slingers could strike defenders from a distance and harass a fortified city during a siege. The coalition pressed the attack against Moab’s last major stronghold, bringing King Mesha to desperation and preparing the way for the terrible events that followed.

2Ch 26:14 Uzziah supplied the entire army with shields, spears,…
Jdg 20:16 Among all these soldiers there were 700 select left-handers…
1Sa 17:49 Then David reached into his bag, took out a stone,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. The Israelites
The people of Israel, led by King Jehoram, who were engaged in battle against Moab.

2. Moabites
The inhabitants of Moab, who were under the rule of King Mesha and were the adversaries in this conflict.

3. Kir-hareseth
A fortified city in Moab, known for its strong defenses, which was besieged by the Israelites.

4. King Jehoram
The king of Israel at the time, who led the coalition against Moab.

5. Slingers
The soldiers who used slings to attack the city, demonstrating a strategic military tactic.
Teaching Points
The Consequences of Disobedience
The destruction of Moab serves as a reminder of the consequences nations face when they oppose God's people.

Strategic Warfare
The Israelites' tactics, such as stopping springs and cutting down trees, teach the importance of strategy and preparation in overcoming challenges.

God's Sovereignty in Battles
Despite human efforts, ultimate victory is determined by God's will, emphasizing reliance on Him in our struggles.

The Importance of Unity
The coalition of Israel, Judah, and Edom demonstrates the strength found in unity and cooperation among God's people.

Preservation of God's Promises
The victory over Moab is a testament to God's faithfulness in fulfilling His promises to Israel.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the destruction of Moab reflect the broader theme of God's judgment in the Old Testament?

2. In what ways can we apply the strategic actions of the Israelites to our spiritual battles today?

3. How does the alliance between Israel, Judah, and Edom illustrate the importance of unity among believers?

4. What lessons can we learn from the Israelites' reliance on God's guidance in their military campaign?

5. How does the account of Moab's defeat encourage us to trust in God's promises despite overwhelming odds?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Joshua 6
The destruction of Jericho parallels the destruction of Moabite cities, showing God's power in delivering victory to His people.

Isaiah 16
Mentions Kir-hareseth, providing a prophetic context to the significance of this city in Moab.

2 Chronicles 20
Jehoshaphat's involvement in battles, similar to his alliance with Jehoram against Moab, highlights the recurring theme of alliances in warfare.
Aspects of a Godly ManD. Thomas 2 Kings 3:13-27
The Valley Full of DitchesC.H. Irwwin 2 Kings 3:16-25
The Defeat of MoabJ. Orr 2 Kings 3:18-27
People
Ahab, Aram, Elijah, Elisha, Israelites, Jehoram, Jehoshaphat, Jeroboam, Mesha, Moabites, Nebat, Shaphat
Places
Edom, Kir-hareseth, Moab, Samaria
Topics
Armed, Attacked, Beat, Break, Cast, Cause, Cities, Conquered, Covered, Covering, Cut, Cutting, Destroyed, Driving, Encompassed, Fall, Felled, Field, Fighting-men, Filled, Fountain, Fountains, Hareseth, Howbeit, However, Kir, Kirharaseth, Kir-haraseth, Kirhara-seth, Kirhareseth, Kir-hareseth, Kir-har'eseth, Moab, Moabites, Overthrew, Piece, Portion, Pulling, Raining, Round, Slingers, Slings, Smite, Smote, Spring, Springs, Stone, Stones, Stop, Stopped, Stopping, Struck, Surrounded, Thereof, Threw, Thus, Till, Town, Towns, Tree, Trees, Wall, Water-springs, Wells
Dictionary of Bible Themes
2 Kings 3:25

     5538   sling

2 Kings 3:16-25

     1416   miracles, nature of

2 Kings 3:21-27

     5214   attack

Library
Sight and Blindness
'Then the king of Syria warred against Israel, and took counsel with his servants, saying, In such and such a place shall be my camp. 9. And the man of God sent unto the king of Israel, saying, Beware that them pass not such a place; for thither the Syrians are come down. 10. And the king of Israel sent to the place which the man of God told him and warned him of, and saved himself there, not once nor twice. 11. Therefore the heart of the king of Syria was sore troubled for this thing; and he called
Alexander Maclaren—Expositions of Holy Scripture

The Minstrel
ELISHA needed that the Holy Spirit should come upon him to inspire him with prophetic utterances. "Holy men of God spake as they were moved by the Holy Ghost." We need that the hand of the Lord should be laid upon us, for we can never open our mouths in wisdom except we are under the divine touch. Now, the Spirit of God works according to his own will. "The wind bloweth where it listeth," and the Spirit of God operates as he chooseth. Elisha could not prophesy just when he liked; he must wait until
Charles Haddon Spurgeon—Spurgeon's Sermons Volume 27: 1881

The Old Testament and Archeology
A century ago the student of the world's history found it exceedingly difficult, if not impossible, to paint for himself a clear picture of events antedating B.C. 400. Concerning earlier periods, he was, aside from the Old Testament, practically without records that could claim contemporaneousness with the events recorded. But, one hundred years ago, men had commenced to test every statement, be it historical, or scientific, or theological, by severe canons of criticism, and if it could not stand
Frederick Carl Eiselen—The Christian View of the Old Testament

Balak's Inquiries Relative to the Service of God, and Balaam's Answer, Briefly Considered.
"Wherewith shall I come before the Lord, and bow myself before the high God? Shall I come before him with burnt offerings, with calves of a year old? Will the Lord be pleased with, thousands of rams, or with ten thousands of rivers of oil? Shall I give my first born for my transgression; the fruit of my body for the sin of my soul?--He hath shewed thee, 0 man, what is good: And what doth the Lord require of thee, but to do justly, and to love mercy, and to walk humbly with thy God?" As mankind are
Andrew Lee et al—Sermons on Various Important Subjects

The Prophet Amos.
GENERAL PRELIMINARY REMARKS. It will not be necessary to extend our preliminary remarks on the prophet Amos, since on the main point--viz., the circumstances under which he appeared as a prophet--the introduction to the prophecies of Hosea may be regarded as having been written for those of Amos also. For, according to the inscription, they belong to the same period at which Hosea's prophetic ministry began, viz., the latter part of the reign of Jeroboam II., and after Uzziah had ascended the
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Prophet Joel.
PRELIMINARY REMARKS. The position which has been assigned to Joel in the collection of the Minor Prophets, furnishes an external argument for the determination of the time at which Joel wrote. There cannot be any doubt that the Collectors were guided by a consideration of the chronology. The circumstance, that they placed the prophecies of Joel just between the two prophets who, according to the inscriptions and contents of their prophecies, belonged to the time of Jeroboam and Uzziah, is
Ernst Wilhelm Hengstenberg—Christology of the Old Testament

The Secret of Its Greatness
[Illustration: (drop cap G) The Great Pyramid] God always chooses the right kind of people to do His work. Not only so, He always gives to those whom He chooses just the sort of life which will best prepare them for the work He will one day call them to do. That is why God put it into the heart of Pharaoh's daughter to bring up Moses as her own son in the Egyptian palace. The most important part of Moses' training was that his heart should be right with God, and therefore he was allowed to remain
Mildred Duff—The Bible in its Making

The Assyrian Revival and the Struggle for Syria
Assur-nazir-pal (885-860) and Shalmaneser III. (860-825)--The kingdom of Urartu and its conquering princes: Menuas and Argistis. Assyria was the first to reappear on the scene of action. Less hampered by an ancient past than Egypt and Chaldaea, she was the sooner able to recover her strength after any disastrous crisis, and to assume again the offensive along the whole of her frontier line. Image Drawn by Faucher-Gudin, from a bas-relief at Koyunjik of the time of Sennacherib. The initial cut,
G. Maspero—History Of Egypt, Chaldaea, Syria, Babylonia, and Assyria, V 7

Kings
The book[1] of Kings is strikingly unlike any modern historical narrative. Its comparative brevity, its curious perspective, and-with some brilliant exceptions--its relative monotony, are obvious to the most cursory perusal, and to understand these things is, in large measure, to understand the book. It covers a period of no less than four centuries. Beginning with the death of David and the accession of Solomon (1 Kings i., ii.) it traverses his reign with considerable fulness (1 Kings iii.-xi.),
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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