Genesis 42:13

But they answered, "Your servants are twelve brothers, the sons of one man in the land of Canaan. The youngest is now with our father, and one is no more."

Study Bible

But they replied
This phrase indicates a response, suggesting a dialogue that is part of a larger narrative. The Hebrew root for "replied" is עָנָה (anah), which means to answer or respond. This response is part of a tense interaction between Joseph and his brothers, who are unaware of his identity. The brothers' reply is defensive, reflecting their anxiety and the gravity of their situation in a foreign land.

Your servants
The term "servants" here is a humble self-designation, showing deference and respect. In Hebrew, the word is עֲבָדִים (avadim), which can mean servants or slaves. This reflects the brothers' attempt to present themselves as non-threatening and submissive to the Egyptian authority, which they do not realize is their brother Joseph.

are twelve brothers
This statement is a declaration of their family identity. The number twelve is significant in biblical terms, often representing completeness or the people of God, as seen in the twelve tribes of Israel. The brothers are emphasizing their unity and shared heritage, which is central to their identity and the unfolding narrative of the Israelites.

the sons of one man
This phrase underscores their common paternity, highlighting the patriarchal structure of their family. The "one man" is Jacob, also known as Israel, a key figure in biblical history. This reference to a single father emphasizes the unity and shared destiny of the brothers, despite their past actions and current predicament.

in the land of Canaan
Canaan is the promised land, a region of great significance in biblical history. It is the land promised to Abraham and his descendants by God. Mentioning Canaan situates the brothers within the larger narrative of God's covenant with Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob, and it reminds the reader of the divine promises associated with this land.

The youngest is now with our father
This refers to Benjamin, the youngest son of Jacob, who remained with their father. The Hebrew word for "youngest" is קָטָן (katan), meaning small or least. Benjamin's presence with Jacob is a protective measure, as Jacob fears losing him after the presumed loss of Joseph. This highlights Jacob's favoritism and the ongoing family dynamics.

and one is no more
This phrase refers to Joseph, whom the brothers believe to be dead. The Hebrew expression אֵינֶנּוּ (einenu) can mean "is not" or "is no more," indicating absence or presumed death. This statement is laden with irony, as the brothers are speaking to Joseph himself. It reflects their guilt and the unresolved nature of their past actions, setting the stage for eventual reconciliation and redemption.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Brothers of Joseph
The speakers in this verse are the sons of Jacob, who have traveled to Egypt to buy grain during a famine. They are unaware that the Egyptian official they are speaking to is their brother Joseph, whom they sold into slavery years earlier.

2. Joseph
Although not directly mentioned in this verse, Joseph is the central figure in this account. He is now the governor of Egypt and is testing his brothers' honesty and integrity.

3. Jacob (Israel)
The father of the twelve brothers, residing in Canaan. He is unaware of the full truth regarding Joseph's fate and is deeply affected by the loss of his sons.

4. Canaan
The land where Jacob and his family reside. It is significant as the Promised Land given to Abraham and his descendants.

5. Egypt
The place where Joseph has risen to power and where the brothers have come to seek food during the famine.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Sin
The brothers' past sin of selling Joseph into slavery continues to haunt them. Sin often has long-lasting consequences that can affect relationships and personal peace.

God's Sovereignty and Providence
Despite the brothers' actions, God used their sin to position Joseph in a place where he could save many lives, including those of his family. This demonstrates God's ability to work through human failings to accomplish His purposes.

Honesty and Integrity
The brothers' claim about their family situation is a test of their honesty. As believers, we are called to be truthful and maintain integrity, even when it is difficult.

Family and Reconciliation
The account sets the stage for eventual reconciliation between Joseph and his brothers. It highlights the importance of forgiveness and restoration in family relationships.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the brothers' admission in Genesis 42:13 reflect their guilt and remorse over their past actions? How can acknowledging past wrongs be a step toward healing and reconciliation?

2. In what ways does Joseph's account illustrate the theme of God's sovereignty and providence? Can you think of other biblical examples where God used difficult circumstances for a greater purpose?

3. How does the concept of integrity play a role in this account? What are some practical ways we can demonstrate integrity in our daily lives?

4. Consider the role of family dynamics in this account. How can we apply the principles of forgiveness and reconciliation in our own family relationships?

5. Reflect on the broader account of Joseph's life. How does his journey from slavery to leadership encourage us to trust in God's plan, even when we face trials and uncertainties?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Genesis 37
This chapter provides the background of Joseph's relationship with his brothers, including their jealousy and the act of selling him into slavery, which sets the stage for the events in Genesis 42.

Genesis 44
This chapter continues the account of Joseph testing his brothers, particularly focusing on their treatment of Benjamin, the youngest brother.

Acts 7:9-10
Stephen's speech references Joseph's account, highlighting God's providence and Joseph's rise to power in Egypt despite his brothers' betrayal.