Judges 21:3

"Why, O LORD God of Israel," they cried out, "has this happened in Israel? Today in Israel one tribe is missing!"

Study Bible

O LORD, God of Israel
This phrase begins with a direct address to Yahweh, the covenantal name of God, emphasizing His sovereignty and unique relationship with Israel. The Hebrew word for "LORD" is "YHWH," which is considered the most sacred name of God, reflecting His eternal and self-existent nature. The invocation of "God of Israel" underscores the special covenant relationship between God and the nation of Israel, reminding the reader of the promises and responsibilities that come with being God's chosen people. This address sets the tone for a heartfelt plea, acknowledging God's ultimate authority and the deep connection between Him and His people.

they cried
The Hebrew root for "cried" is "za'aq," which conveys a sense of deep distress and earnest supplication. This is not a casual request but a desperate outcry, reflecting the emotional turmoil and urgency of the situation. The Israelites are in a state of lament, seeking divine intervention and understanding. This word captures the intensity of their grief and the sincerity of their appeal to God, highlighting the human tendency to seek divine help in times of crisis.

why has this happened in Israel?
This question reveals a profound sense of confusion and bewilderment. The Israelites are grappling with the consequences of their actions and the unexpected outcome of their civil strife. The phrase "in Israel" emphasizes the communal aspect of their identity and the collective nature of their predicament. Historically, this reflects a period of moral and social chaos during the time of the Judges, when "everyone did what was right in his own eyes" (Judges 21:25). The question implies a search for meaning and accountability, urging the reader to consider the broader implications of disobedience and the breakdown of societal order.

Today in Israel one tribe is missing!
The phrase "one tribe is missing" refers to the near annihilation of the tribe of Benjamin, a consequence of the inter-tribal conflict described in the preceding chapters. This loss is not just numerical but represents a significant breach in the unity and wholeness of the nation. The word "today" underscores the immediacy and reality of the situation, inviting the reader to reflect on the present consequences of past actions. The historical context here is crucial, as it highlights the fragility of Israel's unity and the importance of each tribe in fulfilling God's covenantal promises. This phrase serves as a sobering reminder of the cost of internal strife and the need for reconciliation and restoration within the community of God's people.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The Israelites
The collective tribes of Israel who are lamenting the near extinction of the tribe of Benjamin due to a civil war.

2. The Tribe of Benjamin
One of the twelve tribes of Israel, which was nearly wiped out due to the conflict with the other tribes.

3. Mizpah
A place where the Israelites gathered to discuss the situation and seek the Lord's guidance.

4. The LORD, God of Israel
The covenant God of Israel, whom the Israelites are addressing in their lament.

5. Civil War in Israel
The internal conflict that led to the near destruction of the tribe of Benjamin, highlighting the moral and social chaos during the time of the Judges.

Teaching Points

The Consequences of Sin and Disobedience
The near extinction of the tribe of Benjamin serves as a stark reminder of the consequences of sin and disobedience to God’s laws. It calls us to reflect on our own lives and the importance of living in accordance with God’s will.

The Importance of Unity Among God’s People
The civil war among the tribes of Israel highlights the destructive nature of division. As believers, we are called to seek unity and reconciliation within the body of Christ.

Seeking God in Times of Crisis
The Israelites’ lament and questioning of God in their distress remind us of the importance of turning to God in times of crisis, seeking His wisdom and guidance.

God’s Faithfulness and Mercy
Despite the dire situation, God’s faithfulness is evident in the preservation of the tribe of Benjamin. This teaches us about God’s mercy and His plans for restoration even when situations seem hopeless.

Bible Study Questions

1. What led to the civil war between the tribes of Israel, and how can we apply the lessons learned to prevent division within our own communities?

2. How does the near destruction of the tribe of Benjamin illustrate the consequences of turning away from God’s commandments?

3. In what ways can we seek unity and reconciliation in our church or community, following the example of the Israelites’ eventual reconciliation with Benjamin?

4. How can we ensure that we are seeking God’s guidance in times of crisis, and what practices can help us cultivate a habit of turning to Him first?

5. Reflect on a time when you experienced God’s faithfulness and mercy in a seemingly hopeless situation. How can this encourage you to trust in His plans for restoration?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Deuteronomy 12:5-7
This passage emphasizes the importance of seeking God’s guidance and worshiping Him in the designated place, which contrasts with the chaos and lack of central worship seen in Judges.

1 Samuel 11:7
This verse shows another instance of Israel uniting against a common enemy, highlighting the theme of unity and division within the tribes.

Romans 11:1-5
Paul speaks about God not rejecting His people, which can be related to the preservation of the tribe of Benjamin despite their near destruction.