Leviticus 22:5

or whoever touches a crawling creature or a person that makes him unclean, whatever the uncleanness may be--

Study Bible

or whoever touches
The Hebrew word for "touches" is נָגַע (naga), which implies more than a casual contact; it suggests an intentional or significant contact that results in a transfer of impurity. In the ancient Israelite context, touching was not merely physical but carried spiritual and ceremonial implications. The act of touching something unclean was a serious matter, as it could render a person unfit for worship or participation in the community's religious life. This highlights the importance of purity and the need for vigilance in maintaining one's spiritual cleanliness.

a crawling creature
The term "crawling creature" refers to the Hebrew word שֶׁרֶץ (sheretz), which encompasses a variety of small animals, often those that move close to the ground, such as insects or reptiles. These creatures were considered unclean according to Levitical law. The prohibition against touching them underscores the broader principle of separation from anything that defiles. This reflects God's call for His people to be distinct and holy, avoiding associations that could lead to spiritual contamination.

or a person that makes him unclean
This phrase indicates that uncleanness could be transferred from person to person. The Hebrew context suggests a state of ritual impurity that could arise from various conditions, such as skin diseases or bodily discharges. The communal aspect of purity laws is evident here, as one person's impurity could affect another's ability to participate in worship. This serves as a reminder of the interconnectedness of the community and the collective responsibility to uphold holiness.

whatever the uncleanness may be
The phrase "whatever the uncleanness may be" emphasizes the comprehensive nature of the purity laws. The Hebrew word for "uncleanness" is טֻמְאָה (tum'ah), which encompasses a wide range of conditions that could render someone impure. This inclusivity highlights the meticulous nature of the Levitical code and the seriousness with which God views holiness. It serves as a call to be ever-mindful of one's spiritual state and the need for constant purification and repentance.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Priests
The primary audience of Leviticus 22, the priests were responsible for maintaining ritual purity to serve in the tabernacle.

2. Crawling Creatures
Refers to certain animals considered unclean under Mosaic Law, which could defile a person upon contact.

3. Unclean Persons
Individuals who were ceremonially unclean due to various reasons, such as skin diseases or bodily discharges.

4. Tabernacle
The sacred place where God's presence dwelled and where the priests performed their duties.

5. Evening
The time by which a person who became unclean could be considered clean again, marking the end of the day in Jewish tradition.

Teaching Points

Ritual Purity and Holiness
The laws of cleanliness in Leviticus highlight the importance of holiness and separation from sin. As believers, we are called to live lives that reflect God's holiness.

Symbolism of Cleanliness
The physical act of becoming clean after touching something unclean symbolizes the spiritual cleansing we receive through Christ. It reminds us of our need for continual spiritual renewal.

Community and Contamination
The laws served to protect the community from physical and spiritual contamination. In our lives, we must be mindful of influences that can lead us away from God.

Evening as a Time of Renewal
The concept of being clean by evening can be seen as a daily opportunity for renewal and reflection on our walk with God.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of ritual purity in Leviticus 22:5 relate to our understanding of holiness today?

2. In what ways can we apply the principle of avoiding "unclean" influences in our modern lives?

3. How does Jesus' teaching in Mark 7 redefine the concept of cleanliness and purity?

4. What can we learn from the purification process in Numbers 19 about dealing with sin and impurity in our lives?

5. How does Peter's vision in Acts 10 challenge us to rethink our understanding of inclusion and acceptance in the body of Christ?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Leviticus 11
Provides a detailed list of clean and unclean animals, offering context to the types of creatures mentioned in Leviticus 22:5.

Numbers 19
Discusses the purification process for those who become unclean, emphasizing the importance of ritual purity.

Mark 7
Jesus addresses the concept of cleanliness, shifting the focus from external rituals to the condition of the heart.

Acts 10
Peter's vision challenges the traditional Jewish understanding of clean and unclean, symbolizing the inclusion of Gentiles in the faith.