Mark 9:31

because He was teaching His disciples. He told them, "The Son of Man will be delivered into the hands of men. They will kill Him, and after three days He will rise."

Study Bible

For He was teaching His disciples
This phrase indicates a continuous action, suggesting that Jesus was in the process of imparting crucial knowledge to His disciples. The Greek word for "teaching" is "didaskō," which implies not just the transfer of information but also the shaping of character and understanding. In the historical context, rabbis often taught their disciples through both instruction and example, emphasizing the importance of living out the teachings. Jesus, as the ultimate Rabbi, was preparing His disciples for the events to come, ensuring they understood His mission and the nature of His kingdom.

and telling them
The Greek word used here for "telling" is "legō," which means to speak or to say. This implies a direct communication, emphasizing the importance and certainty of the message. Jesus was not merely suggesting or hinting; He was clearly articulating a truth that was essential for the disciples to grasp. In the scriptural context, this direct communication underscores the gravity of the message about His impending death and resurrection.

The Son of Man
This title, "Son of Man," is deeply rooted in Jewish eschatology and is found in the book of Daniel (Daniel 7:13-14). It signifies both humanity and divinity, highlighting Jesus' role as the representative of mankind and the divine Messiah. By using this title, Jesus connects His mission to the fulfillment of Old Testament prophecy, asserting His identity and authority in a way that His Jewish disciples would understand.

is going to be delivered
The phrase "is going to be delivered" comes from the Greek "paradidōmi," which means to hand over or betray. This indicates a future event that is both certain and divinely ordained. Historically, this foreshadows Judas Iscariot's betrayal, but it also reflects the broader theological truth that Jesus' suffering was part of God's redemptive plan. The passive voice suggests that this action is under divine control, emphasizing God's sovereignty even in the midst of human treachery.

into the hands of men
This phrase highlights the human agency involved in Jesus' suffering. The "hands of men" symbolizes human authority and power, which, in this context, is used to carry out God's redemptive purposes. It reflects the historical reality of Jesus' arrest and trial, where He was subjected to human judgment and cruelty. Scripturally, it underscores the paradox of the divine plan: that through human sinfulness, salvation would be accomplished.

They will kill Him
The certainty of this statement is striking. The Greek verb "apokteinō" means to kill or put to death, indicating a violent end. This was a shocking revelation for the disciples, who expected the Messiah to triumph over His enemies, not be killed by them. Historically, this prediction aligns with the events of the crucifixion, where Jesus was executed by Roman authorities. Theologically, it points to the sacrificial nature of Jesus' death, fulfilling the prophecies of the suffering servant in Isaiah 53.

and after three days
This time frame is significant both historically and theologically. The phrase "after three days" is a Hebraic expression that signifies a complete period of time, often used in the Old Testament to denote a period of trial followed by deliverance. It foreshadows the resurrection, which is central to Christian faith. Historically, it aligns with the Gospel accounts of Jesus rising on the third day, affirming His victory over death.

He will rise
The Greek verb "anistēmi" means to rise or stand up, indicating a return to life. This is the triumphant conclusion to Jesus' prediction, offering hope and assurance to His disciples. Theologically, the resurrection is the cornerstone of Christian belief, demonstrating Jesus' power over death and His divine nature. It fulfills Old Testament prophecies and confirms Jesus' identity as the Son of God. This promise of resurrection is not only a historical event but also a future hope for all believers, symbolizing eternal life and victory over sin.

Persons / Places / Events

1. Jesus (The Son of Man)
Central figure in this passage, referring to Himself as the "Son of Man," a title that emphasizes both His humanity and His messianic role.

2. Disciples
The followers of Jesus who are being taught about His impending death and resurrection. They are in a learning phase, trying to understand the deeper meanings of Jesus' mission.

3. Men (those who will deliver and kill Jesus)
Refers to the religious leaders and Roman authorities who will conspire to arrest and crucify Jesus.

4. Resurrection (after three days)
The event Jesus predicts, signifying His victory over death and His divine authority.

5. Galilee (implied location)
While not explicitly mentioned in this verse, the surrounding context places Jesus and His disciples in Galilee during this teaching.

Teaching Points

Understanding Jesus' Mission
Jesus' prediction of His death and resurrection is central to understanding His mission. It highlights the necessity of His sacrifice for the redemption of humanity.

The Reality of Suffering
Jesus openly discusses His suffering, teaching us that suffering is a part of the Christian journey and can lead to greater purposes.

The Hope of Resurrection
The promise of resurrection offers hope and assurance of eternal life, encouraging believers to live with an eternal perspective.

Trust in God's Plan
Despite the grim prediction, Jesus trusts in God's sovereign plan. Believers are called to trust God even when His plans are not fully understood.

Discipleship and Learning
The disciples' struggle to understand Jesus' message reminds us of the importance of continual learning and growth in our faith journey.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does Jesus' prediction of His death and resurrection in Mark 9:31 deepen your understanding of His mission on earth?

2. In what ways can the disciples' initial confusion about Jesus' message encourage us in our own spiritual growth and understanding?

3. How does the promise of resurrection influence your daily life and decisions as a believer?

4. What are some practical ways you can demonstrate trust in God's plan, especially during times of uncertainty or suffering?

5. How can you use the message of Jesus' death and resurrection to share the gospel with others, drawing connections to other scriptures like 1 Corinthians 15:3-4?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Isaiah 53
This Old Testament prophecy speaks of the suffering servant, which aligns with Jesus' prediction of His suffering and death.

Matthew 16:21
Another instance where Jesus predicts His death and resurrection, showing consistency in His message to the disciples.

1 Corinthians 15:3-4
Paul reiterates the core gospel message that Christ died for our sins and was raised on the third day, echoing Jesus' prediction.

Daniel 7:13-14
The "Son of Man" title is rooted in this vision of a divine figure given authority and glory, which Jesus applies to Himself.