Numbers 28:28
together with their grain offerings of fine flour mixed with oil--three-tenths of an ephah with each bull, two-tenths of an ephah with the ram,
together with their grain offerings of fine flour mixed with oil—

The grain offering accompanied the animal sacrifice and presented the fruit of Israel’s labor before God. Fine flour and oil represented a fitting, costly provision from the land God had given them.

Lev 2:1-2 “When anyone brings a grain offering to the LORD,…
Num 15:4-5 then the one presenting his offering to the LORD…
Lev 2:4 Now if you bring an offering of grain baked in an oven…

three-tenths of an ephah with each bull,

Each bull required a substantial grain offering, matching the importance of the sacrifice. The larger measure reflected the value of the animal and the solemnity of the occasion.

Num 15:9-10 present with the bull a grain offering…
Num 29:14 along with the grain offering of three-tenths of an ephah…
Num 29:3 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…

two-tenths of an ephah with the ram,

The ram required a smaller but still prescribed offering. These fixed amounts ensured that worship was ordered according to God’s commands rather than personal preference.

Num 15:6-7 With a ram you are to prepare a grain offering…
Num 29:9 together with their grain offerings of fine flour…
Ezk 46:5 The grain offering with the ram shall be one ephah,…

Persons / Places / Events
1. Moses
The leader of the Israelites who received the laws and instructions from God, including the sacrificial system outlined in Numbers.

2. Israelites
The chosen people of God, who were given specific instructions on how to worship and offer sacrifices to maintain their covenant relationship with God.

3. Tabernacle
The portable dwelling place for the divine presence, where the Israelites performed sacrifices and offerings as commanded by God.

4. Sacrificial System
A divinely instituted system of offerings, including grain offerings, which were a part of the Israelites' worship and atonement practices.

5. Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which the Israelites were journeying towards, where they would continue to practice these offerings as part of their covenant with God.
Teaching Points
The Importance of Obedience
The specific instructions for offerings highlight the importance of obedience to God's commands. Just as the Israelites were required to follow detailed instructions, Christians are called to live according to God's Word.

Symbolism of the Grain Offering
The grain offering, made of fine flour and oil, symbolizes dedication and thanksgiving to God. It reminds believers to offer their best to God in gratitude for His provision.

Consistency in Worship
The regularity of offerings underscores the need for consistent worship and devotion. Believers are encouraged to maintain a regular practice of worship and thanksgiving in their lives.

Christ as the Fulfillment
The sacrificial system points to Christ, who is the ultimate fulfillment of all offerings. Understanding this helps believers appreciate the depth of Christ's sacrifice and its implications for their faith.

Community and Worship
The communal aspect of offerings in the Israelite community teaches the importance of corporate worship and unity in the body of Christ.
Bible Study Questions
1. How does the specific instruction for grain offerings in Numbers 28:28 reflect the character of God, and what does it teach us about His expectations for worship?

2. In what ways can the symbolism of the grain offering (fine flour and oil) be applied to our personal lives and spiritual practices today?

3. How does the sacrificial system in the Old Testament, including the grain offerings, point to the ultimate sacrifice of Jesus Christ as described in the New Testament?

4. What are some practical ways we can ensure consistency in our worship and devotion to God, similar to the regular offerings commanded to the Israelites?

5. How can understanding the communal aspect of the Israelite offerings enhance our approach to corporate worship and fellowship within the church community?
Connections to Other Scriptures
Leviticus 2
Provides detailed instructions on grain offerings, emphasizing the importance of offerings made with fine flour and oil, which are also mentioned in Numbers 28:28.

Hebrews 10
Discusses the fulfillment of the sacrificial system through Jesus Christ, highlighting the transition from the Old Testament sacrifices to the ultimate sacrifice of Christ.

Exodus 29
Describes the consecration of priests and the role of offerings in maintaining holiness and dedication to God.
Of the Daily SacrificesW. Attersoll.Numbers 28:1-31
The New Moon FestivalW. Seaton.Numbers 28:1-31
The Feast of the First-FruitsD. Young Numbers 28:26-31
People
Ephah, Israelites, Moses
Places
Jericho, Mount Sinai
Topics
Best, Bull, Bullock, Cereal, Deals, Ephah, Fine, Flour, Grain, Male, Meal, Meal-offering, Meat, Meat-offering, Mingled, Mixed, Oblation, Offering, Oil, Ox, Present, Ram, Sheep, Tenth, Tenth-parts, Tenths, Three-tenth, Three-tenths, Two-tenth, Two-tenths
Dictionary of Bible Themes
Numbers 28:28

     4488   oil

Numbers 28:26-30

     7361   Feast of Weeks

Numbers 28:26-31

     4506   seed
     4975   week
     7408   Pentecost
     8644   commemoration

Library
Whether the Third Precept of the Decalogue, Concerning the Hallowing of the Sabbath, is Fittingly Expressed?
Objection 1: It seems that the third precept of the decalogue, concerning the hallowing of the Sabbath, is unfittingly expressed. For this, understood spiritually, is a general precept: since Bede in commenting on Lk. 13:14, "The ruler of the synagogue being angry that He had healed on the Sabbath," says (Comment. iv): "The Law forbids, not to heal man on the Sabbath, but to do servile works," i.e. "to burden oneself with sin." Taken literally it is a ceremonial precept, for it is written (Ex. 31:13):
Saint Thomas Aquinas—Summa Theologica

Questions About the Nature and Perpetuity of the Seventh-Day Sabbath.
AND PROOF, THAT THE FIRST DAY OF THE WEEK IS THE TRUE CHRISTIAN SABBATH. BY JOHN BUNYAN. 'The Son of man is lord also of the Sabbath day.' London: Printed for Nath, Ponder, at the Peacock in the Poultry, 1685. EDITOR'S ADVERTISEMENT. All our inquiries into divine commands are required to be made personally, solemnly, prayerful. To 'prove all things,' and 'hold fast' and obey 'that which is good,' is a precept, equally binding upon the clown, as it is upon the philosopher. Satisfied from our observations
John Bunyan—The Works of John Bunyan Volumes 1-3

Jesus Defends Disciples who Pluck Grain on the Sabbath.
(Probably While on the Way from Jerusalem to Galilee.) ^A Matt. XII. 1-8; ^B Mark II. 23-28; ^C Luke VI. 1-5. ^b 23 And ^c 1 Now it came to pass ^a 1 At that season ^b that he ^a Jesus went { ^b was going} on the { ^c a} ^b sabbath day through the grainfields; ^a and his disciples were hungry and began ^b as they went, to pluck the ears. ^a and to eat, ^c and his disciples plucked the ears, and did eat, rubbing them in their hands. [This lesson fits in chronological order with the last, if the Bethesda
J. W. McGarvey—The Four-Fold Gospel

Numbers
Like the last part of Exodus, and the whole of Leviticus, the first part of Numbers, i.-x. 28--so called,[1] rather inappropriately, from the census in i., iii., (iv.), xxvi.--is unmistakably priestly in its interests and language. Beginning with a census of the men of war (i.) and the order of the camp (ii.), it devotes specific attention to the Levites, their numbers and duties (iii., iv.). Then follow laws for the exclusion of the unclean, v. 1-4, for determining the manner and amount of restitution
John Edgar McFadyen—Introduction to the Old Testament

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