Numbers 35:9

Then the LORD said to Moses,

Study Bible

Then the LORD said to Moses
Then
This word serves as a connective tissue in the narrative, indicating a continuation of events or instructions. In the Hebrew text, the word often translated as "then" is "וַיְדַבֵּר" (vayedaber), which is a form of the verb "to speak." It suggests a direct communication from God, emphasizing the immediacy and importance of the message that follows. This sets the stage for divine instruction, underscoring the ongoing relationship between God and Moses as His chosen leader.

the LORD
The term "LORD" in the BSB is a translation of the Hebrew "YHWH," the sacred and personal name of God revealed to Moses at the burning bush (Exodus 3:14). This name signifies God's eternal, self-existent nature and His covenantal faithfulness to His people. In the context of Numbers, it reminds the reader of God's authority and His role as the ultimate lawgiver and protector of Israel.

said
The Hebrew word "אָמַר" (amar) is used here, which means "to say" or "to speak." This verb is often used in the context of divine revelation, indicating that what follows is not merely human wisdom but a direct communication from God. It highlights the importance of the message and the need for obedience to God's commands.

to Moses
Moses is the central human figure in the Pentateuch, serving as the mediator between God and the Israelites. His name, "מֹשֶׁה" (Moshe), is derived from the Hebrew verb "מָשָׁה" (mashah), meaning "to draw out," reflecting his rescue from the Nile River as a baby. Moses' role as a leader and prophet is crucial, as he is the one through whom God delivers His laws and guidance to the people. This phrase underscores Moses' unique position and responsibility in conveying God's will to Israel.

Persons / Places / Events

1. The LORD
The covenant name of God, Yahweh, who is speaking to Moses. This highlights the divine authority and the importance of the instructions that follow.

2. Moses
The leader of the Israelites, chosen by God to deliver His people from Egypt and guide them through the wilderness. Moses serves as the mediator between God and the Israelites.

3. The Israelites
The chosen people of God, who are receiving instructions for living in the Promised Land. They are the audience of the laws and regulations being given.

4. The Promised Land
The land of Canaan, which God promised to Abraham and his descendants. It is the destination of the Israelites after their exodus from Egypt.

5. Cities of Refuge
Although not mentioned directly in verse 9, the context of Numbers 35 includes the establishment of cities of refuge, which are places where individuals who have committed unintentional manslaughter can seek asylum.

Teaching Points

Divine Authority
Recognize that the instructions given to Moses come directly from God, emphasizing the importance of divine guidance in establishing justice.

Justice and Mercy
The concept of cities of refuge illustrates the balance between justice and mercy, showing God's provision for both the protection of the innocent and the punishment of the guilty.

Community Responsibility
The establishment of cities of refuge highlights the responsibility of the community to uphold God's laws and provide for the safety and justice of all its members.

God's Provision
The cities of refuge are a testament to God's provision for His people, ensuring that even in cases of accidental harm, there is a place of safety and a system for fair trial.

Mediation and Leadership
Moses' role as a mediator between God and the Israelites underscores the importance of godly leadership in guiding people according to divine principles.

Bible Study Questions

1. How does the concept of cities of refuge reflect God's character in terms of justice and mercy?

2. In what ways can we apply the principles of justice and mercy from Numbers 35 in our modern legal systems?

3. How does Moses' role as a mediator between God and the Israelites inform our understanding of leadership in the church today?

4. What are some practical ways we can ensure that our communities are places of refuge and safety for those in need?

5. How do the instructions in Numbers 35:9 and the surrounding verses connect to the teachings of Jesus on forgiveness and reconciliation?

Connections to Other Scriptures

Exodus 21
This chapter provides earlier laws regarding manslaughter and murder, setting a precedent for the cities of refuge.

Deuteronomy 19
Offers further details on the cities of refuge, emphasizing justice and mercy in the legal system of Israel.

Joshua 20
Describes the actual implementation of the cities of refuge once the Israelites enter the Promised Land.