The term "Breaking of Bread" holds significant theological and liturgical importance within the Christian tradition, often associated with both communal fellowship and the sacrament of the Lord's Supper. This practice is rooted in the New Testament and is observed as a means of remembering and proclaiming the death and resurrection of Jesus Christ.

Biblical References

The phrase "breaking of bread" appears in several key passages in the New Testament, each highlighting different aspects of its practice and significance:

1. Acts 2:42 · "They devoted themselves to the apostles’ teaching and to the fellowship, to the breaking of bread and to prayer." This verse describes the early Christian community's commitment to four foundational practices, with the breaking of bread being central to their fellowship and worship.

2. Acts 2:46 · "With one accord they continued to meet daily in the temple courts and to break bread from house to house, sharing their meals with gladness and sincerity of heart." Here, the breaking of bread is depicted as a daily practice, emphasizing the communal and joyful nature of early Christian gatherings.

3. Luke 24:30-31 · "While He was reclining at the table with them, He took bread, spoke a blessing and broke it, and gave it to them. Then their eyes were opened and they recognized Jesus—and He disappeared from their sight." This passage recounts the post-resurrection appearance of Jesus to the disciples on the road to Emmaus, where the breaking of bread becomes a moment of revelation and recognition of the risen Christ.

4. 1 Corinthians 10:16 · "Is not the cup of blessing that we bless a participation in the blood of Christ? And is not the bread that we break a participation in the body of Christ?" The Apostle Paul underscores the sacramental nature of the breaking of bread, linking it to the participation in the body and blood of Christ.

5. 1 Corinthians 11:23-24 · "For I received from the Lord what I also passed on to you: The Lord Jesus, on the night He was betrayed, took bread, and when He had given thanks, He broke it and said, 'This is My body, which is for you; do this in remembrance of Me.'" This passage is foundational for the Christian practice of the Lord's Supper, where the breaking of bread is a memorial act commanded by Christ Himself.

Theological Significance

The breaking of bread is rich in theological meaning, serving as a symbol of Christ's sacrifice and a means of grace for believers. It is both a remembrance of Christ's atoning death and a proclamation of His resurrection and future return. The act of breaking bread together fosters unity among believers, as it signifies their shared faith and participation in the new covenant established by Christ.

Liturgical Practice

In many Christian traditions, the breaking of bread is a central element of the Eucharist or Communion service. It is a time of reflection, thanksgiving, and communal participation in the mystery of Christ's presence. The practice varies among denominations, with some observing it weekly, while others do so monthly or on special occasions.

Historical Context

The early church's practice of breaking bread was deeply rooted in Jewish customs, particularly the Passover meal, which Jesus transformed into the Lord's Supper. This continuity with Jewish tradition highlights the fulfillment of the Old Covenant in the New Covenant through Christ.

Conclusion

The breaking of bread remains a vital expression of Christian worship and community life, embodying the core truths of the Gospel and the hope of eternal life in Christ.