Definition and Scope

Evangelism and witness are central components of the Christian faith, rooted in the Great Commission given by Jesus Christ. Evangelism refers to the proclamation of the Gospel—the good news of Jesus Christ's death, resurrection, and offer of salvation to all who believe. Witnessing involves both the verbal declaration of this message and the demonstration of its transformative power through one's life.

Biblical Foundation

The mandate for evangelism is explicitly stated in the New Testament. In Matthew 28:19-20 , Jesus commands His disciples, "Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father, and of the Son, and of the Holy Spirit, and teaching them to obey all that I have commanded you." This directive underscores the global and inclusive nature of evangelism.

Acts 1:8 further emphasizes the role of the Holy Spirit in empowering believers for witness: "But you will receive power when the Holy Spirit comes upon you, and you will be My witnesses in Jerusalem, and in all Judea and Samaria, and to the ends of the earth." This verse highlights the geographical and cultural expansion of the Gospel message.

Old Testament Precedents

While the term "evangelism" is not used in the Old Testament, the concept of bearing witness to God's truth is present. The nation of Israel was called to be a light to the nations (Isaiah 49:6), demonstrating God's character and covenantal faithfulness. The Psalms often speak of declaring God's works among the peoples (Psalm 96:3).

Methods and Approaches

Evangelism can take many forms, from personal conversations to public preaching. The Apostle Paul exemplifies various methods in his ministry. In Acts 17, Paul engages with the philosophers of Athens, using their cultural context to introduce the Gospel. In 1 Corinthians 9:22 , he states, "I have become all things to all people, so that by all possible means I might save some."

The New Testament also emphasizes the importance of living a life that reflects the Gospel. In 1 Peter 3:15-16 , believers are instructed, "But in your hearts sanctify Christ as Lord. Always be prepared to give a defense to everyone who asks you the reason for the hope that you have. But respond with gentleness and respect, keeping a clear conscience."

Role of the Church

The Church is the primary vehicle for evangelism, tasked with equipping believers to share the Gospel. Ephesians 4:11-12 describes the roles within the Church, including evangelists, "to equip the saints for works of ministry, to build up the body of Christ." The communal aspect of evangelism is seen in the early Church's practices, as they devoted themselves to teaching, fellowship, and prayer (Acts 2:42).

Challenges and Opposition

Throughout history, evangelism has faced opposition, both from external forces and internal challenges. The early Church encountered persecution, as seen in Acts 4:18-20 , where Peter and John are commanded not to speak in the name of Jesus, yet they respond, "We cannot stop speaking about what we have seen and heard."

In contemporary contexts, evangelism may be challenged by cultural relativism, secularism, and pluralism. Despite these challenges, the call to evangelize remains, with the assurance of Christ's presence: "And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age" (Matthew 28:20).

Conclusion

Evangelism and witness are integral to the Christian mission, rooted in biblical commands and exemplified by the early Church. Through the power of the Holy Spirit, believers are called to proclaim and live out the Gospel, trusting in God's sovereignty and faithfulness to bring about His purposes.