Overview:
Heliopolis, known in Hebrew as "On" and in Egyptian as "Iunu," was an ancient city located in the Nile Delta region of Egypt. It was a major center of worship for the sun god Ra and played a significant role in the religious and cultural life of ancient Egypt. The city is mentioned in the Bible, primarily in the context of Joseph's life and the Exodus narrative.

Biblical References:
Heliopolis is referred to in the Bible under its Hebrew name, "On." It is notably mentioned in the context of Joseph's marriage. In Genesis 41:45 , Pharaoh gives Joseph Asenath, the daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, as his wife: "Pharaoh gave Joseph the name Zaphenath-paneah, and he gave him Asenath daughter of Potiphera, priest of On, to be his wife. And Joseph went throughout the land of Egypt."

The city is also indirectly referenced in Ezekiel 30:17 , where the prophet speaks of the impending judgment on Egypt: "The young men of On and Pi-beseth will fall by the sword, and those cities will go into captivity."

Historical and Cultural Significance:
Heliopolis was one of the oldest cities in ancient Egypt and served as a major religious center. It was renowned for its temple dedicated to Ra, the sun god, who was considered the chief deity in the Egyptian pantheon. The city's priests were influential in the development of solar theology, which emphasized the sun's role in creation and the afterlife.

The city was also a center of learning and philosophy. It attracted scholars and thinkers from various regions, contributing to its reputation as a hub of wisdom and knowledge. The Greek philosopher Plato is said to have visited Heliopolis, and its influence extended into the Hellenistic period.

Archaeological Insights:
Today, the site of ancient Heliopolis is located in the northeastern suburbs of modern Cairo. While much of the city's grandeur has been lost to time, archaeological excavations have uncovered remnants of its past, including obelisks, statues, and temple ruins. The most famous of these is the obelisk of Senusret I, which still stands as a testament to the city's historical significance.

Theological Implications:
From a biblical perspective, Heliopolis represents the intersection of Hebrew and Egyptian cultures. Joseph's marriage to Asenath, the daughter of a priest from On, signifies a blending of traditions and highlights the providential role Joseph played in the history of Israel. His position in Egypt allowed for the preservation of his family during a time of famine, setting the stage for the eventual Exodus.

The mention of Heliopolis in Ezekiel's prophecy underscores the theme of divine judgment against idolatry and the nations that opposed God's people. It serves as a reminder of the transient nature of earthly power and the sovereignty of God over all nations.Heliop'olis (1 Occurrence)

Jeremiah 43:13
He shall also break the pillars of Beth Shemesh, that is in the land of Egypt; and the houses of the gods of Egypt shall he burn with fire.
(See RSV)

Heliop'olis (1 Occurrence)
Heliop'olis. Heliopolis, Heliop'olis. Helkai . Multi-Version Concordance
Heliop'olis (1 Occurrence). Jeremiah 43:13 He shall also ...
/h/heliop'olis.htm - 6k

Helkai (1 Occurrence)

/h/helkai.htm - 7k

Heliopolis (1 Occurrence)

/h/heliopolis.htm - 6k

Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus