Makke'dah is a significant location mentioned in the Old Testament, specifically within the context of the Israelite conquest of Canaan under the leadership of Joshua. This ancient city is primarily noted for its association with a pivotal event during the southern campaign of the Israelites, as recorded in the Book of Joshua.

Biblical Account:

The city of Makke'dah is first introduced in the narrative of Joshua 10. After the miraculous victory at Gibeon, where God intervened by casting down large hailstones and causing the sun to stand still, the five Amorite kings who had formed a coalition against Gibeon fled and hid in a cave at Makke'dah. Joshua and the Israelites pursued these kings, and upon discovering their hiding place, Joshua commanded that large stones be rolled over the mouth of the cave to trap them (Joshua 10:16-18).

Following the defeat of their armies, Joshua ordered the kings to be brought out of the cave. In a symbolic act of victory and divine justice, the Israelite commanders placed their feet on the necks of the captured kings, as Joshua declared, "Do not be afraid or discouraged. Be strong and courageous, for the LORD will do this to all the enemies you fight" (Joshua 10:25). Subsequently, the kings were executed, and their bodies were hung on trees until evening, after which they were thrown back into the cave and sealed with stones (Joshua 10:26-27).

Historical and Geographical Context:

Makke'dah is believed to have been located in the Shephelah region of ancient Judah, an area characterized by low hills and fertile valleys. The exact location of Makke'dah remains uncertain, though it is often associated with the archaeological site of Khirbet el-Kheishum or other nearby ruins. The strategic position of Makke'dah in the Shephelah would have made it a significant military target during the conquest.

Theological Significance:

The events at Makke'dah underscore several key theological themes present in the Book of Joshua. First, the narrative highlights the sovereignty and power of God in delivering the enemies of Israel into their hands. The miraculous interventions, such as the hailstones and the prolonged daylight, serve as a testament to God's active role in fulfilling His promises to the Israelites.

Additionally, the account of Makke'dah emphasizes the importance of obedience and faith in God's commands. Joshua's leadership and the people's adherence to divine instructions are portrayed as crucial elements in achieving victory. The execution of the Amorite kings also reflects the broader theme of divine justice and the fulfillment of God's judgment against the Canaanite nations.

Cultural and Archaeological Insights:

While direct archaeological evidence for Makke'dah is limited, the account provides valuable insights into the military practices and cultural context of the time. The use of caves as hiding places and the practice of displaying defeated enemies were common in ancient Near Eastern warfare. The narrative also reflects the ancient custom of public execution and the symbolic act of placing feet on the necks of captives, signifying total subjugation.

In summary, Makke'dah serves as a significant site within the biblical narrative of the conquest of Canaan, illustrating themes of divine intervention, justice, and the fulfillment of God's promises to His people.Makke'dah (8 Occurrences)

Joshua 10:10
And the LORD discomfited them before Israel, and slew them with a great slaughter at Gibeon; and they chased them by the way of the ascent of Beth-horon, and smote them to Azekah, and unto Makkedah.
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Joshua 10:16
And these five kings fled, and hid themselves in the cave at Makkedah.
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Joshua 10:17
And it was told Joshua, saying: 'The five kings are found, hidden in the cave at Makkedah.'
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Joshua 10:21
that all the people returned to the camp to Joshua at Makkedah in peace; none whetted his tongue against any of the children of Israel.
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Joshua 10:28
And Joshua took Makkedah on that day, and smote it with the edge of the sword, and the king thereof; he utterly destroyed them and all the souls that were therein, he left none remaining; and he did to the king of Makkedah as he had done unto the king of Jericho.
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Joshua 10:29
And Joshua passed from Makkedah, and all Israel with him, unto Libnah, and fought against Libnah.
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Joshua 12:16
the king of Makkedah, one; the king of Beth-el, one;
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Joshua 15:41
and Gederoth, Beth-dagon, and Naamah, and Makkedah; sixteen cities with their villages.
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Makke'dah (8 Occurrences)
Makke'dah. Makkedah, Makke'dah. Maktesh . Multi-Version Concordance
Makke'dah (8 Occurrences). Joshua 10:10 And the LORD discomfited ...
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Makkedah (8 Occurrences)

/m/makkedah.htm - 12k

Maktesh (1 Occurrence)

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