Hashum is a biblical figure mentioned in the context of the post-exilic period, specifically during the time of the return of the Jewish exiles from Babylon to Jerusalem. The name "Hashum" appears in several genealogical and administrative lists in the Old Testament, indicating his significance in the restoration community.

Genealogical Context

Hashum is first mentioned in the Book of Ezra, where he is listed among the "sons of the priests" who returned to Jerusalem with Zerubbabel. Ezra 2:19 states, "the descendants of Hashum, 223." This enumeration highlights Hashum's role as a leader of a family group within the priestly class, contributing to the re-establishment of the religious and communal life in Jerusalem.

Role in the Covenant Renewal

Hashum's name appears again in the Book of Nehemiah, which provides further insight into his involvement in the spiritual renewal of the Jewish community. Nehemiah 10:18 lists Hashum among those who sealed the covenant, a significant act of commitment to follow the Law of God as given through Moses. This covenant renewal was a pivotal moment for the returned exiles, as it marked their dedication to live according to God's commandments and to separate themselves from the surrounding nations.

Participation in the Wall Reconstruction

In addition to his role in the covenant renewal, Hashum is also noted for his participation in the reconstruction of Jerusalem's walls. Nehemiah 3:11 mentions, "Malchijah son of Harim and Hashub son of Pahath-Moab repaired another section, as well as the Tower of the Ovens." Although this verse refers to a different individual named Hashub, it is indicative of the collective effort of the priestly families, including those of Hashum, in the physical and spiritual rebuilding of the city.

Significance in the Post-Exilic Community

Hashum's inclusion in these key events underscores the importance of the priestly families in the restoration of Israel's religious identity. The priests, including Hashum, were instrumental in re-establishing the temple services, teaching the Law, and leading the people in worship. Their leadership was crucial in guiding the community back to faithfulness after the exile.

Legacy

The legacy of Hashum and his descendants is preserved in the biblical record as a testament to their faithfulness and dedication to God's covenant. Their efforts in the rebuilding of Jerusalem and the re-establishment of the temple worship played a vital role in the spiritual renewal of the Jewish people during a critical period in their history.Nehemiah 8:4
And Ezra the scribe stood on a pulpit of wood, which they had made for the purpose; and beside him stood Mattithiah, and Shema, and Anaiah, and Urijah, and Hilkiah, and Maaseiah, on his right hand; and on his left hand, Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, and Hashum, and Hashbadana, Zechariah, and Meshullam.
Nave's Topical Index

Reading the Law with Tears and Joy
... which the Lord had commanded to Israel.2. And Ezra the priest brought the ... and on
his left hand Pedaiah, and Mishael, and Malchiah, and Hashum, and Hashbadana ...
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