Topical Encyclopedia Medeba is an ancient city mentioned in the Bible, located east of the Jordan River in the region historically known as Moab. It holds significant historical and biblical importance, particularly in the context of the Israelite tribes and their territorial allotments.Biblical References and Allotment to Reuben Medeba is first mentioned in the context of the territorial allotments given to the tribes of Israel. In the Book of Numbers, the land east of the Jordan, including Medeba, is described as part of the inheritance given to the tribe of Reuben. Numbers 32:37 states, "The Reubenites built up Heshbon, Elealeh, and Kiriathaim, as well as Nebo, Baal Meon (their names being changed), and Sibmah. They gave names to the cities they rebuilt." Although Medeba is not explicitly mentioned in this verse, it is understood to be part of the broader region associated with Reuben's inheritance. Further confirmation of Medeba's inclusion in Reuben's territory is found in Joshua 13:16 , which describes the boundaries of Reuben's land: "Their territory was from Aroer on the rim of the Arnon Valley, along with the city in the middle of the valley, the whole plateau around Medeba." This passage clearly situates Medeba within the plateau region that was allotted to the tribe of Reuben. Historical and Geographical Context Medeba was strategically located on the King's Highway, an ancient trade route that connected the region with other major cities and civilizations. This location made it a significant site for commerce and military strategy. The city is mentioned in various ancient records, including the Mesha Stele, which provides additional historical context about the region and its interactions with neighboring kingdoms. The city of Medeba is also noted for its association with the Moabites, a people frequently mentioned in the Old Testament. The Moabites and Israelites had a complex relationship, often marked by conflict and occasional alliances. Medeba's location in Moabite territory underscores the dynamic and sometimes contentious interactions between these two groups. Archaeological Significance Archaeological excavations in the area of Medeba have uncovered artifacts and structures that provide insight into the city's historical significance. The famous Medeba Map, a Byzantine-era mosaic map discovered in a church in the modern town of Madaba, Jordan, offers a detailed depiction of the Holy Land, including Medeba. This map is a valuable resource for understanding the geography and settlement patterns of the region during the Byzantine period. Theological Implications From a theological perspective, Medeba's inclusion in the allotment to Reuben reflects the fulfillment of God's promises to the patriarchs regarding the land of Canaan. The division of the land among the tribes of Israel is a testament to God's faithfulness and the establishment of Israel as a nation in accordance with divine covenantal promises. Medeba, as part of Reuben's inheritance, serves as a reminder of the historical and spiritual journey of the Israelites as they settled in the Promised Land. Nave's Topical Index Joshua 13:9,16From Aroer, that is on the bank of the river Arnon, and the city that is in the middle of the river, and all the plain of Medeba to Dibon; Nave's Topical Index Library Tiglath-Pileser iii. And the Organisation of the Assyrian Empire ... The Hebrews and the Philistines --Damascus Resources Bible Concordance • Bible Dictionary • Bible Encyclopedia • Topical Bible • Bible Thesuarus |
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