Ten: (Used for an Indefinite Number)
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In biblical literature, the number ten often symbolizes completeness, order, and divine perfection. While it is frequently used in a literal sense, there are instances where "ten" is employed to represent an indefinite or symbolic number, conveying a sense of fullness or entirety.

Symbolic Use in Scripture

The number ten appears in various contexts throughout the Bible, sometimes indicating a complete set or a significant portion rather than a precise count. This symbolic use underscores the idea of wholeness or sufficiency in God's plan and actions.

Examples in the Old Testament

1. Genesis 31:7 · In this passage, Jacob speaks to his wives about their father Laban's deceitful behavior: "Yet your father has cheated me and changed my wages ten times. But God has not allowed him to harm me." Here, "ten times" may not refer to an exact number but rather to the repeated and complete nature of Laban's actions.

2. Nehemiah 4:12 · The Jews living near their enemies reported to Nehemiah: "Wherever you turn, they will attack us." They said this "ten times," indicating persistent and ongoing threats rather than a literal count.

Examples in the New Testament

1. Matthew 25:1-13 · The Parable of the Ten Virgins uses the number ten to represent a complete group of bridesmaids, emphasizing readiness and preparedness for the coming of the bridegroom. The number signifies the totality of those invited to participate in the wedding feast.

2. Revelation 2:10 · In the message to the church in Smyrna, believers are warned: "You will suffer persecution for ten days." This period may symbolize a complete but limited time of trial, rather than a precise duration.

Theological Significance

The use of ten as an indefinite number highlights the biblical theme of divine completeness and order. It reflects God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His purposes. In instances where ten is used symbolically, it serves to communicate the totality of an experience or the thoroughness of an action, often within the context of divine judgment or blessing.

Conclusion

In biblical numerology, the number ten carries significant weight, often transcending its literal meaning to convey a deeper spiritual truth. Whether used to denote a complete set, a period of testing, or the fullness of God's provision, ten serves as a reminder of the perfection and order inherent in God's creation and His dealings with humanity.
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Genesis 31:7
And your father has deceived me, and changed my wages ten times; but God suffered him not to hurt me.
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Leviticus 26:26
And when I have broken the staff of your bread, ten women shall bake your bread in one oven, and they shall deliver you your bread again by weight: and you shall eat, and not be satisfied.
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Numbers 14:22
Because all those men which have seen my glory, and my miracles, which I did in Egypt and in the wilderness, and have tempted me now these ten times, and have not listened to my voice;
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Zechariah 8:23
Thus said the LORD of hosts; In those days it shall come to pass, that ten men shall take hold out of all languages of the nations, even shall take hold of the skirt of him that is a Jew, saying, We will go with you: for we have heard that God is with you.
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Library

The Number of those who Fought for Religion in Gaul under Verus ...
... About ten of these proved abortions, [1365] causing us great grief ... suffered signifies
nothing, for muria was a very indefinite word, and might be used of a ...
/.../pamphilius/church history/chapter i the number of those.htm

Gnostic Exposition of the Decalogue.
... 3467] For the expression "when they were created" intimates an indefinite and dateless ...
The first letter of the name of Jesus, and used as the sign of ten. ...
/.../clement/the stromata or miscellanies/chapter xvi gnostic exposition of the.htm

On the Journey to Jerusalem - Departure from Ephraim by Way of ...
... and ill repute, or childlessness (during ten years) were ... only time this strong word
is used of our ... lengthened journeying, and for an indefinite purpose, would ...
/.../the life and times of jesus the messiah/chapter xxii on the journey.htm

The First vision "On Earth"
... a thing as Figures of Speech, but, we ask, what Figure is used here? ... then all the
items which go to make it up are indefinite also. ... 170] It occurs ten times in ...
/.../bullinger/commentary on revelation/the first vision on earth.htm

Destruction of Jerusalem Foretold.
... took forty-six years to finish, and ten thousand skilled ... There were an indefinite
number of famines referred to by ... But the language used by Luke (Luke 21:20, 21 ...
/.../mcgarvey/the four-fold gospel/cxiii destruction of jerusalem foretold.htm

The Statements of Iren??us in Regard to the Divine Scriptures.
... hardly have been referred to in such an indefinite way; and ... translations of Aquila
and Theodotion, though Hermas used the version ... [1498] ten auten hermeneian gr ...
/.../pamphilius/church history/chapter viii the statements of irenaeus.htm

The Second Theological Oration.
... of ten;" but would not answer "ten," nor settle ... is eternal, and consists of an
indefinite number of Atoms ... ii. 7) notes that hupostasis seems used here of the ...
/.../lectures of s cyril of jerusalem/oration xxviii the second theological.htm

Trajan Forbids the Christians to be Sought After.
... The eidololatrein is quite indefinite, and might refer to any kind ... [900] Greek: pros
to ten epistemen auton ... the sense in which the latter word is used in this ...
/.../pamphilius/church history/chapter xxxiii trajan forbids the christians.htm

Chapter xxxiii
... the respectful address that he had used upon the ... am, "from the people," presupposes
some such indefinite pronoun as ... it was "of the value of ten shekels." This ...
/.../leupold/exposition of genesis volume 1/chapter xxxiii.htm

The Entrusted Talents.
... to cover all cases: they represent an indefinite and all ... in another parable that
one man, and not ten or twenty ... is the promise of his coming?" and used it with ...
/.../arnot/the parables of our lord/xiv the entrusted talents.htm

Resources
Are the Ten Commandments repeated in the New Testament? | GotQuestions.org

What is the meaning of the Parable of the Ten Minas? | GotQuestions.org

What are the Ten Commandments? What is the Decalogue? | GotQuestions.org

Ten: Dictionary and Thesaurus | Clyx.com

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