Context and Background

Ruth's approach to Boaz is a pivotal moment in the Book of Ruth, which is set during the time of the judges, a period characterized by social and religious upheaval in Israel. Ruth, a Moabite widow, has shown steadfast loyalty to her Israelite mother-in-law, Naomi, by leaving her homeland to reside in Bethlehem. This narrative highlights themes of loyalty, providence, and redemption, and it underscores the importance of the kinsman-redeemer in Israelite society.

The Role of the Kinsman-Redeemer

In ancient Israel, the kinsman-redeemer (Hebrew: "go'el") was a male relative who had the responsibility to help a family member in need, particularly in matters of property and lineage. This role is rooted in the Levitical law, which provided for the redemption of land and the continuation of a family line through levirate marriage (Leviticus 25:25-28; Deuteronomy 25:5-10). Boaz, a relative of Naomi's deceased husband Elimelech, is identified as a potential kinsman-redeemer for Ruth.

Ruth's Approach

Naomi, recognizing Boaz's role as a kinsman-redeemer, instructs Ruth to approach him discreetly at the threshing floor after he has finished winnowing barley. Ruth's actions are both bold and culturally significant, as she seeks to secure her and Naomi's future through Boaz's protection and provision.

The Threshing Floor Encounter

Ruth 3:6-9 describes the encounter: "So she went down to the threshing floor and did everything her mother-in-law had instructed her to do. After Boaz had finished eating and drinking and was in good spirits, he went to lie down at the far end of the grain pile. Then Ruth came in quietly, uncovered his feet, and lay down. In the middle of the night, something startled the man, and he turned and discovered a woman lying at his feet. 'Who are you?' he asked. 'I am your servant Ruth,' she replied. 'Spread the corner of your garment over me, for you are a kinsman-redeemer.'"

Ruth's request for Boaz to "spread the corner of your garment over me" is a culturally loaded gesture, symbolizing a request for protection and marriage. This act is not one of impropriety but rather a formal appeal for Boaz to fulfill his duty as a kinsman-redeemer.

Boaz's Response

Boaz responds with integrity and kindness, acknowledging Ruth's loyalty and virtuous character. He praises her for not pursuing younger men and assures her that he will do all that is required, provided the nearer kinsman-redeemer declines his duty (Ruth 3:10-13). Boaz's response reflects his respect for Ruth and his commitment to uphold the law and customs of Israel.

Significance in the Lineage of David

Ruth's approach to Boaz ultimately leads to their marriage and the birth of Obed, the grandfather of King David. This union is significant in the biblical narrative, as it not only secures the future of Naomi and Ruth but also integrates a Moabite woman into the lineage of Israel's greatest king, and ultimately, the Messiah, Jesus Christ (Matthew 1:5-6).

Theological Implications

Ruth's approach to Boaz is a profound illustration of God's providence and the unfolding of His redemptive plan. It highlights the inclusivity of God's covenant, extending beyond ethnic boundaries, and underscores the importance of faithfulness and righteousness in the lives of His people.