Introduction

Stephen's address, as recorded in the Book of Acts, chapter 7, is a profound and comprehensive recounting of Israel's history, beginning with the call of Abraham. This speech is delivered before the Sanhedrin, where Stephen stands accused of blasphemy. His defense is not merely a recounting of historical events but a theological exposition that underscores God's sovereign plan and faithfulness to His promises. The call of Abraham marks the inception of God's covenant relationship with His chosen people, Israel.

Biblical Context

The narrative of Stephen's address is found in Acts 7:2-8. Stephen begins by addressing the "brothers and fathers" (Acts 7:2), showing respect to the Jewish leaders while simultaneously establishing common ground through shared heritage. He recounts the call of Abraham, emphasizing God's initiative and guidance.

The Call of Abraham

Stephen states, "The God of glory appeared to our father Abraham while he was still in Mesopotamia, before he lived in Haran" (Acts 7:2). This appearance signifies a divine revelation and the beginning of a covenantal relationship. God's call to Abraham is a pivotal moment in redemptive history, marking the transition from a universal focus to a particular people through whom God would bless all nations.

God's Command and Promise

Stephen continues, "Leave your country and your kindred and go to the land I will show you" (Acts 7:3). This command required Abraham to exercise faith, leaving behind his familiar surroundings and trusting in God's promise. The promise of land, descendants, and blessing (Genesis 12:1-3) is foundational to the Abrahamic Covenant, which Stephen implicitly references.

Abraham's Obedience and Journey

Stephen recounts Abraham's obedience: "So he left the land of the Chaldeans and settled in Haran. After his father died, God had him move to this land where you are now living" (Acts 7:4). Abraham's journey from Ur to Haran and eventually to Canaan is a testament to his faith and God's faithfulness. Despite not receiving the land as a permanent possession during his lifetime, Abraham's faith in God's promise remained steadfast.

The Covenant of Circumcision

Stephen highlights the covenant of circumcision, stating, "Then He gave Abraham the covenant of circumcision" (Acts 7:8). This covenantal sign was a physical and perpetual reminder of God's promises and the distinct identity of Abraham's descendants. It symbolized the set-apart nature of God's people and their commitment to His statutes.

Significance in Stephen's Address

Stephen's recounting of Abraham's call serves multiple purposes. It establishes the continuity of God's redemptive plan from the patriarchs to the present, affirming that God's promises are irrevocable and fulfilled in His timing. By beginning with Abraham, Stephen underscores the faith and obedience required to be part of God's covenant community, implicitly challenging his audience to recognize the fulfillment of God's promises in Jesus Christ.

Conclusion

Stephen's address, through the lens of Abraham's call, invites reflection on the nature of faith, obedience, and God's unwavering commitment to His covenant. It serves as a reminder of the foundational role of Abraham in the history of salvation and the unfolding of God's redemptive purposes through Israel and ultimately in Christ.