The concept of the "Western Border" in biblical texts primarily refers to the territorial boundaries of the Promised Land as described in the Old Testament. This border is significant in understanding the geographical and theological context of the land allotted to the tribes of Israel.

Biblical References:

1. Numbers 34:6 : "Your western border will be the coastline of the Great Sea; this will be your boundary on the west." This passage is part of the instructions given by God to Moses regarding the division of the land among the tribes of Israel. The "Great Sea" refers to the Mediterranean Sea, which forms the western boundary of the land promised to the Israelites.

2. Joshua 15:12 : "The western border was the coastline of the Great Sea. These are the boundaries around the clans of the descendants of Judah." Here, the western border is reiterated in the context of the territory allotted to the tribe of Judah. The Mediterranean Sea serves as a natural boundary, marking the extent of the land from the west.

3. Ezekiel 47:20 : "You are to mark out your western boundary with the Great Sea as a border; this will be your western boundary." In Ezekiel's vision of the restored land, the western border remains consistent with earlier descriptions, emphasizing the enduring significance of the Mediterranean coastline as a defining feature of the land.

Theological Significance:

The western border, defined by the Mediterranean Sea, holds both geographical and symbolic importance. Geographically, it provided a natural boundary that was easily recognizable and defensible. Theologically, the delineation of borders was a divine act, signifying God's sovereignty and the fulfillment of His promises to the patriarchs—Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob.

The western border also represents the limit of the Israelites' expansion westward, beyond which lay the sea and the unknown. This boundary served as a reminder of the distinct identity and mission of the Israelites as God's chosen people, set apart to live according to His laws within the land He had given them.

Historical Context:

In the ancient Near East, borders were often fluid and contested. However, the biblical description of the western border as the Mediterranean Sea provided a clear and stable demarcation. This stability was crucial for the Israelites as they settled in the land and established their society according to the covenantal laws given by God.

The western border also had economic implications, as the proximity to the Mediterranean Sea facilitated trade and interaction with other cultures and civilizations. This interaction, while beneficial, also posed challenges, as it exposed the Israelites to foreign influences and potential idolatry, against which the prophets frequently warned.

Conclusion:

The western border of the Promised Land, as defined by the Mediterranean Sea, is a key element in understanding the biblical narrative of land, covenant, and identity. It underscores the faithfulness of God in fulfilling His promises and the responsibility of the Israelites to uphold their covenantal obligations within the divinely appointed boundaries.