Melchizedek and Abraham
(Genesis 14:17–24)

1This Melchizedek was king of Salem and priest of God {Theou} Most High <Gen 14:18>.a He met Abraham (father of many) returning from the slaughter of the kings and blessed him, 2and Abraham (father of many) apportioned to him a tenth of everything. First, his name means “king of righteousness.” Then also, “king of Salem” means “king of peace.” 3Without father or mother or genealogy, without beginning of days or end of life, like the Son of God {Theou}, he remains a priest for all time.

4Consider how great Melchizedek was: Even the patriarch Abraham (father of many) gave him a tenth of the plunder. 5Now the law commands the sons of Levi (attached to) who become priests to collect a tenth from the people—that is, from their brothers—though they too are descended from Abraham (father of many). 6But Melchizedek, who did not trace his descent from Levi, collected a tenth from Abraham (father of many) and blessed him who had the promises. 7And indisputably, the lesser is blessed by the greater.

8In the case of the Levites, mortal men collect the tenth; but in the case of Melchizedek, it is affirmed that he lives on. 9And so to speak, Levi (attached to), who collects the tenth, paid the tenth through Abraham (father of many). 10For when Melchizedek met Abraham (father of many), Levi was still in the loin of his ancestor.

A Superior Priesthood

11Now if perfection could have been attained through the Levitical priesthood (for on this basis the people received the law), why was there still need for another priest to appear—one in the order of Melchizedek and not in the order of Aaron (exalted)? 12For when the priesthood is changed, the law must be changed as well.

13He of whom these things are said belonged to a different tribe, from which no one has ever served at the altar. 14For it is clear that our Lord {Kyrios} descended from Judah (praise), a tribe as to which Moses (drawn out) said nothing about priests.

15And this point is even more clear if another priest like Melchizedek appears, 16one who has become a priest not by a law of succession, but by the power {dynamin} of an indestructible life. 17For it is testified:

“You are a priest forever \to the age/

in the order of Melchizedek <Psa 110:4>.”b

18So the former commandment is set aside because it was weak and useless 19(for the law made nothing perfect), and a better hope is introduced, by which we draw near to God {Theō}.

20And none of this happened without an oath. For others became priests without an oath, 21but Jesus became a priest with an oath by the One who said to Him:

“The Lord {Kyrios} has sworn and will not change His mind:

‘You are a priest forever <Psa 110:4>.’”c

22Because of this oath, Jesus (YHWH saves) has become the guarantee of a better covenant {diathēkēs}.

23Now there have been many other priests, since death prevented them from continuing in office. 24But because Jesus lives forever \to the age/, He has a permanent priesthood. 25Therefore He is able to save completely (forever)d those who draw near to God {Theō} through Him, since He always lives to intercede for them.

26Such a high priest truly befits us—One who is holy, innocent, undefiled, set apart from sinners, and exalted above the heavens. 27Unlike the other high priests, He does not need to offer daily sacrifices, first for His own sins and then for the sins of the people; He sacrificed for sin once for all when He offered up Himself. 28For the law appoints as high priests men who are weak; but the oath, which came after the law, appointed the Son, who has been made perfect forever \to the age/.