4418. pterna

Lexicon

pterna: Heel

Original Word: πτέρνα
Part of Speech: Noun, Feminine
Transliteration: pterna
Pronunciation: pter'-nah
Phonetic Spelling: (pter'-nah)
Definition: Heel
Meaning: the heel.

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

heel.

Of uncertain derivation; the heel (figuratively) -- heel.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. word
Definition
the heel
NASB Translation
heel (1).

Thayer's Greek Lexicon

STRONGS NT 4418: πτέρνα

πτέρνα, πτέρνης, ἡ, the heel (of the foot): ἐπαίρειν τήν πτέρναν ἐπί τινα, to lift up the heel against one, i. e. dropping the figure (which is borrowed either from kicking, or from a wrestler tripping up his antagonist), to injure one by trickery, John 13:18 after Psalm 40:10 (). (Often in Greek writings from Homer down; the Sept. for עָקֵב.)

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: Derived from the Greek root word πέτομαι (petomai), meaning "to fly" or "to rush," which is related to the concept of movement or the extremity of the foot.

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • Strong's Hebrew 6119: עָקֵב (aqeb) • This Hebrew word means "heel" and is used in similar contexts, such as in Genesis 3:15 and Psalm 41:9, where it conveys both literal and metaphorical meanings related to the heel and its symbolic implications of betrayal or enmity.

Usage: The word "πτέρνα" appears in the New Testament in contexts that can be both literal, referring to the physical heel, and metaphorical, often symbolizing betrayal or enmity.

Context: The Greek word "πτέρνα" is used in the New Testament to convey both physical and symbolic meanings. In John 13:18, Jesus refers to the prophecy of betrayal, quoting Psalm 41:9, "He who shares My bread has lifted up his heel against Me." Here, "πτέρνα" is used metaphorically to describe an act of betrayal, indicating a close associate turning against Him. This usage highlights the cultural understanding of the heel as a symbol of treachery or opposition, drawing from the imagery of one lifting the heel to strike or trip another.

The concept of the heel also appears in the Old Testament, notably in Genesis 3:15, where enmity is prophesied between the serpent and the woman's offspring, with the serpent striking the heel. This imagery is foundational in biblical theology, symbolizing the ongoing struggle between good and evil, and is echoed in the New Testament's use of "πτέρνα" to describe betrayal and conflict.

Forms and Transliterations

επτέρνικε επτερνίσαμέν επτέρνισε πτερά πτέρναι πτέρναις πτερναν πτέρναν πτέρνας πτέρνη πτέρνης πτερνιεί πτερνιζετέ πτερνίζετε πτερνισμόν πτερνισμώ πτεροίς πτεροφυήσουσιν pternan ptérnan

Englishman's Concordance

John 13:18 N-AFS
GRK: ἐμὲ τὴν πτέρναν αὐτοῦ
NAS: HAS LIFTED UP HIS HEEL AGAINST
KJV: hath lifted up his heel against me.
INT: me the heel of him

Strong's Greek 4418
1 Occurrence

πτέρναν — 1 Occ.