Lexicon barbaros: Barbarian, foreigner Original Word: βάρβαρος Strong's Exhaustive Concordance barbarian. Of uncertain derivation; a foreigner (i.e. Non-Greek) -- barbarian(-rous). HELPS Word-studies 915 bárbaros – properly, a barbarian; generically, anyone "lacking culture" (an "uncivilized" person, cf. Ro 1:14). 915 (bárbaros) is specifically used for all non-Greeks (non-Hellenists), i.e. anyone not adopting the Greek language (culture); a non-Hellēn. NAS Exhaustive Concordance Word Originof uncertain origin, but probably onomatop. for unintelligible sounds Definition barbarous, barbarian NASB Translation barbarian (3), barbarians (1), natives (2). Thayer's Greek Lexicon STRONGS NT 915: βάρβαροςβάρβαρος, βαρβαρον; 1. properly, one whose speech is rude, rough, harsh, as if repeating the syllables βαρβαρ (cf. Strabo 14, 2, 28, p. 662; ὠνοματοπεποίηται ἡ λέξις, Etym. Magn. (188, 11 (but Gaisf. reads βραγχός for βάρβαρος); cf. Curtius, § 394; Vanicek, p. 561)); hence, 2. one who speaks a foreign or strange language which is not understood by another (Herodotus 2, 158 βαρβάρους πάντας οἱ Αἰγύπτιοι καλεουσι τούς μή σφισι ὁμογλωσσους, Ovid. trist. 5, 10, 37barbarushicegosum,quianonintelligorulli); so 1 Corinthians 14:11. 3. The Greeks used βάρβαρος of any foreigner ignorant of the Greek language and the Greek culture, whether mental or moral, with the added notion, after the Persian war, of rudeness and brutality. Hence, the word is applied in the N. T., but not reproachfully, in Acts 28:2, 4, to the inhabitants of Malta (i. e. Μελίτη, which see), who were of Phoenician or Punic origin; and to those nations that had, indeed, some refinement of manners, but not the opportunity of becoming Christians, as the Scythians, Colossians 3:11 (but cf. Lightfoot at the passage). But the phrase Ἕλληνες τέ καί βάρβαροι forms also a periphrasis for all peoples, or indicates their diversity yet without reproach to foreigners (Plato, Theact., p. 175{a}; Isocrates, Euag c. 17, p. 192b.; Josephus, Antiquities 4, 2, 1 and in other writings); so in Romans 1:14. (In Philo de Abr. § 45 under the end of all nations not Jews. Josephus, b. j. prooem. I reckons the Jews among barbarians.) Cf. Grimm on 2 Macc. 2:21, p. 61; (Lightfoot on Col. as above; B. D. under the word Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: There is no direct Hebrew equivalent for "βάρβαρος" in the Old Testament, as the concept of "barbarian" is rooted in Greek cultural distinctions. However, the Old Testament does address foreigners and sojourners, often using terms like "גֵּר" (ger, Strong's Hebrew 1616) to describe non-Israelites living among the Israelites. These terms focus more on the legal and social status of foreigners rather than linguistic or cultural differences. Usage: In the New Testament, "βάρβαρος" is used to describe people who are not part of the Greek-speaking world. It appears in contexts where cultural or linguistic differences are highlighted. Context: The term "βάρβαρος" appears in the New Testament primarily in the context of cultural and linguistic distinctions. In Acts 28:2, the inhabitants of Malta are described as "barbarians" because they did not speak Greek, yet they showed unusual kindness to Paul and his companions: "The islanders showed us extraordinary kindness. They kindled a fire and welcomed all of us because it was raining and cold." This usage underscores the idea that "barbaros" does not necessarily imply a lack of civility or hospitality, but rather a difference in language and culture. Englishman's Concordance Acts 28:2 Adj-NMPGRK: οἵ τε βάρβαροι παρεῖχον οὐ NAS: The natives showed us extraordinary KJV: And the barbarous people shewed us INT: and [the] natives showed not [just] Acts 28:4 Adj-NMP Romans 1:14 Adj-DMP 1 Corinthians 14:11 Adj-NMS 1 Corinthians 14:11 Adj-NMS Colossians 3:11 Adj-NMS Strong's Greek 915 |
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