331. atam

Lexicon

atam: To be complete, to be finished, to be consumed

Original Word: אָטַם
Part of Speech: Verb
Transliteration: atam
Pronunciation: ah-tahm
Phonetic Spelling: (aw-tam')
Definition: To be complete, to be finished, to be consumed
Meaning: to close, to contract

Strong's Exhaustive Concordance

narrow, shut, stop

A primitive root; to close (the lips or ears); by analology to contract (a window by bevelled jambs) -- narrow, shut, stop.

NAS Exhaustive Concordance

Word Origin
a prim. root
Definition
to shut, shut up
NASB Translation
closes (1), latticed (2), shuts (1), shuttered (1), stops (2).

Brown-Driver-Briggs

[אטם] verb shut, shut up (Mishna אטם, compare אוֺטֶם stoppage, Aramaic אֲטַם; Arabic contract, stop, fortress; Assyrian a‰amu, in list of headgear, etc. = turban? Dl^{W, No. 155}) —

Qal Participle active אֹטֵם Proverbs 17:28 2t.; passive אֲטֻמִים 1 Kings 6:4; אֲטֻמוֺת Ezekiel 40:16 2t.; — shut, stop, object lips Proverbs 17:28; ears Proverbs 21:13; Isaiah 33:15; passive = closed (i.e. narrowed, narrowing, compare ᵑ6 in Co) ׳חַלּוֺנוֺת א Ezekiel 40:16; Ezekiel 41:16,26; compare חַלּוֺנֵי שְׁקֻפִים אֲטֻמִים 1 Kings 6:4.

Hiph`il Imperfect id quod Qal יַאְטֵם Psalm 58:5 (jussive with sense of indicative, compare Dr^{§ 173 obs}.) of adder, stopping ears, simile of wicked.

Topical Lexicon

Word Origin: A primitive root

Corresponding Greek / Hebrew Entries: • G2927: κρυπτός (kryptos) • meaning "hidden" or "secret," often used in the New Testament to describe things that are concealed or not openly revealed.
• G5420: φυλάσσω (phylasso) • meaning "to guard" or "to protect," which can imply keeping something closed or secure from outside influence or harm.

These Greek terms, while not direct translations, share thematic elements with אָטַם in terms of concealment and protection, reflecting the broader biblical theme of openness versus closedness in spiritual and moral contexts.

Usage: The verb אָטַם (atam) is used in the Hebrew Bible to describe the action of closing or shutting something, often in a metaphorical sense, such as closing one's ears or heart to understanding or compassion.

Context: The Hebrew verb אָטַם (atam) appears in the Old Testament with the primary meaning of "to close" or "to shut." This term is often used in a figurative sense, particularly in the context of closing one's ears or heart to wisdom, understanding, or compassion. For example, in Proverbs 21:13, the text warns against closing one's ears to the cry of the poor: "Whoever shuts his ears to the cry of the poor, he too will cry out and not be answered." This usage underscores a moral and spiritual dimension, emphasizing the importance of being open to the needs and voices of others. The act of closing, as described by אָטַם, often carries negative connotations, suggesting a willful ignorance or hardening of the heart.

Forms and Transliterations

אֲטֻמ֣וֹת אֲטֻמ֤וֹת אֲטֻמִֽים׃ אֹטֵ֖ם אֹטֵ֣ם אֹטֵ֤ם אטם אטמות אטמים׃ הָ֠אֲטֻמוֹת האטמות יַאְטֵ֥ם יאטם ’ă·ṭu·mîm ’ă·ṭu·mō·wṯ ’ăṭumîm ’ăṭumōwṯ ’ō·ṭêm ’ōṭêm atuMim atuMot hā’ăṭumōwṯ hā·’ă·ṭu·mō·wṯ Haatumot oTem ya’·ṭêm ya’ṭêm yaTem

Englishman's Concordance

1 Kings 6:4
HEB: חַלּוֹנֵ֖י שְׁקֻפִ֥ים אֲטֻמִֽים׃
KJV: he made windows of narrow lights.
INT: windows with frames of narrow

Psalm 58:4
HEB: פֶ֥תֶן חֵ֝רֵ֗שׁ יַאְטֵ֥ם אָזְנֽוֹ׃
NAS: a deaf cobra that stops up its ear,
KJV: adder [that] stoppeth her ear;
INT: cobra A deaf stops ear

Proverbs 17:28
HEB: חָכָ֣ם יֵחָשֵׁ֑ב אֹטֵ֖ם שְׂפָתָ֣יו נָבֽוֹן׃
NAS: wise; When he closes his lips,
KJV: wise: [and] he that shutteth his lips
INT: wise is considered closes his lips is prudent

Proverbs 21:13
HEB: אֹטֵ֣ם אָ֭זְנוֹ מִזַּעֲקַת־
NAS: He who shuts his ear to the cry
KJV: Whoso stoppeth his ears at the cry
INT: shuts his ear to the cry

Isaiah 33:15
HEB: מִתְּמֹ֣ךְ בַּשֹּׁ֔חַד אֹטֵ֤ם אָזְנוֹ֙ מִשְּׁמֹ֣עַ
NAS: bribe; He who stops his ears
KJV: of bribes, that stoppeth his ears
INT: hold bribe stops his ears hearing

Ezekiel 40:16
HEB: וְחַלֹּנ֣וֹת אֲטֻמ֣וֹת אֶֽל־ הַתָּאִ֡ים
NAS: [There were] shuttered windows
KJV: And [there were] narrow windows
INT: windows shuttered toward the guardrooms

Ezekiel 41:16
HEB: הַסִּפִּ֡ים וְהַחַלּוֹנִ֣ים הָ֠אֲטֻמוֹת וְהָאַתִּיקִ֤ים ׀ סָבִיב֙
NAS: The thresholds, the latticed windows
KJV: The door posts, and the narrow windows,
INT: the thresholds windows the latticed and the galleries round

Ezekiel 41:26
HEB: וְחַלּוֹנִ֨ים אֲטֻמ֤וֹת וְתִֽמֹרִים֙ מִפּ֣וֹ
NAS: [There were] latticed windows
KJV: And [there were] narrow windows
INT: windows latticed and palm side

8 Occurrences

Strong's Hebrew 331
8 Occurrences

’ă·ṭu·mîm — 1 Occ.
’ă·ṭu·mō·wṯ — 2 Occ.
hā·’ă·ṭu·mō·wṯ — 1 Occ.
’ō·ṭêm — 3 Occ.
ya’·ṭêm — 1 Occ.