How does Paul's apostleship in 2 Corinthians 1:1 affirm his authority and mission? A Warm Greeting Anchored in Authority “Paul, an apostle of Christ Jesus by the will of God, and Timothy our brother, to the church of God in Corinth, together with all the saints throughout Achaia” (2 Corinthians 1:1). “An Apostle…by the Will of God”: What That Means • Paul does not claim the title on his own. • “By the will of God” declares that the risen Christ and the Father jointly appointed him (cf. Acts 9:15; Galatians 1:1). • His role is therefore neither self-promoted nor church-bestowed; it is divinely mandated. Authority Rooted in Divine Calling • As Christ’s chosen emissary, Paul speaks with the same binding authority as the twelve (Ephesians 2:20). • The Corinthian church questioned him at times (2 Corinthians 10–13), yet this opening reminder settles any debate: rejecting his message equals resisting God’s will (1 Thessalonians 4:8). • The phrase “church of God” underscores that Paul’s authority extends wherever God’s people gather, not just in Corinth. Mission Shaped by Christ’s Commission • Apostle (apostolos) means “sent one.” Paul’s commission came directly from Jesus: – Acts 26:16-18: “I have appeared to you… to appoint you as a servant and witness.” • His twofold mission: – Proclaim Christ to Gentiles (Romans 1:5). – Strengthen existing believers (Colossians 1:28). • Timothy’s inclusion (“and Timothy our brother”) shows Paul mentoring the next generation, multiplying the mission. Validation through Relationship with the Churches • Paul calls them “saints” (set-apart ones), affirming their identity while asserting his pastoral oversight. • 1 Corinthians 9:1-2: “Are you not my work in the Lord?… you are the seal of my apostleship.” Their very existence verifies his God-given assignment. Side Trails: How Other Texts Echo the Claim • 2 Peter 3:15-16 treats Paul’s letters as Scripture, confirming apostolic authority. • Galatians 2:7-9 recounts James, Peter, and John extending “the right hand of fellowship,” recognizing the same grace at work in Paul. • Romans 15:18-19 highlights miracles accompanying his ministry, outward signs authenticating the inward call. Takeaway: Authority and Mission Intertwined Paul’s opening line in 2 Corinthians is no mere formality. It openly anchors his authority in God’s sovereign will and frames every ensuing exhortation, comfort, and correction as the voice of Christ’s appointed messenger, sent to build up the saints and spread the gospel to the ends of the earth. |
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