What is the meaning of 1 Kings 1:21?

Otherwise

– Bathsheba’s word signals urgency: “Otherwise…” points to a real and imminent danger if no action is taken.

– The context is Adonijah’s self-coronation (1 Kings 1:5-10); unless David intervenes, his promise that Solomon will reign (1 Chronicles 22:9-10) could be overturned.

– Scripture often warns of the consequences of neglecting God-given responsibilities (James 4:17; Hebrews 2:3).

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When my lord the king rests with his fathers

– “Rests with his fathers” is a respectful way of describing David’s approaching death (cf. Deuteronomy 31:16; Acts 13:36).

– Bathsheba recognizes David’s mortality and appeals while he still holds royal authority.

– God’s plan for succession needed to be settled before David’s passing, just as Moses prepared Joshua (Deuteronomy 31:7-8).

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I and my son Solomon

– Bathsheba identifies herself with Solomon, showing solidarity and maternal protection (Proverbs 31:1).

– Solomon is God’s chosen heir (2 Samuel 7:12-13; 1 Chronicles 28:5-7).

– Their welfare is tied to David’s faithfulness to God’s revealed will.

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Will be counted as criminals

– In ancient courts, rival claimants were often executed or branded as traitors (2 Kings 11:1; Esther 7:9-10).

– Bathsheba foresees that Adonijah’s regime would label them “guilty” to secure his throne, echoing Saul’s persecution of David (1 Samuel 24:11).

– Her plea underscores the need for the rightful king to be installed to protect innocent lives (Psalm 72:1-4).

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summary

Bathsheba’s statement urges David to act immediately. If he delays, Adonijah’s coup will prevail, David will die, and both Bathsheba and God-appointed Solomon will be condemned as traitors. The verse highlights the urgency of aligning with God’s declared plan, the responsibility of leaders to secure righteous succession, and the protection that obedience to God’s word provides against unjust condemnation.