What is the meaning of Luke 6:15?

Matthew and Thomas

“Matthew and Thomas;” (Luke 6:15)

• Matthew

‑ Also called Levi (Luke 5:27–32). As a tax collector, he was viewed as a collaborator with Rome. Jesus’ choice of Matthew shows the reach of grace into even the most despised professions (Matthew 9:9–13).

‑ After following Christ, Matthew hosted a banquet so others could meet the Lord. His Gospel later highlighted Jesus as Messiah and King (Matthew 1:1; 28:18–20).

‑ Cross references underscore his transformation: Mark 2:13–17; Acts 1:13.

• Thomas

‑ Known for candid questions and initial doubt (John 14:5; 20:24–29). When Thomas finally touched the risen Jesus, he confessed, “My Lord and my God!”—a climactic declaration of Christ’s deity.

‑ His earlier resolve—“Let us go also, that we may die with Him” (John 11:16)—shows loyalty beneath the doubt.

‑ Luke lists Thomas right beside Matthew, reminding us that both the skeptical and the socially outcast find a place at Jesus’ table.

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James son of Alphaeus and Simon called the Zealot

“James son of Alphaeus and Simon called the Zealot;” (Luke 6:15)

• James son of Alphaeus

‑ Sometimes called “James the Less” (Mark 15:40) to distinguish him from James the son of Zebedee.

‑ Though Scripture records no spoken words of his, his steady presence among the Twelve (Acts 1:13) illustrates how quiet faithfulness sustains the mission.

‑ His inclusion assures believers that significance in God’s kingdom is not measured by fame but by faithfulness.

• Simon called the Zealot

‑ “Zealot” links him to a movement passionate for Israel’s purity and freedom from Rome (Acts 1:13).

‑ Christ’s call redirected Simon’s political zeal into spiritual zeal for the gospel. Mark 3:18 lists him among the Twelve, showing that even intense nationalists can find true purpose in following Jesus.

‑ Side-by-side with Matthew the former tax collector, Simon’s presence displays the reconciling power of Christ (Ephesians 2:14–18).

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summary

Luke 6:15 highlights four men whose backgrounds range from tax collector to political activist, from outspoken doubter to quiet servant. Jesus intentionally assembled this diverse band, proving that His kingdom welcomes all who will follow Him. Their lives testify that grace transforms, faithfulness matters, and unity in Christ overcomes every social divide.