What is the meaning of Romans 5:15? But the gift is not like the trespass “But the gift is not like the trespass.” (Romans 5:15a) • Two different origins: Adam’s act brought sin (Genesis 3:6–7); Christ’s act brings righteousness (2 Corinthians 5:21). • Two different natures: the trespass is a violation that incurs judgment (James 2:10), while the gift is unearned favor (Ephesians 2:8–9). • Two different results: Adam’s fall ushers in condemnation (Romans 5:18a); Christ’s gift ushers in justification (Romans 5:18b). For if the many died by the trespass of the one man “For if the many died by the trespass of the one man…” (Romans 5:15b) • “The many” refers to all humanity identified with Adam (1 Corinthians 15:22a). • Death is both spiritual and physical (Genesis 2:17; Romans 6:23). • The certainty of universal death proves the sweeping reach of Adam’s single act (Hebrews 9:27). How much more did God’s grace and the gift that came by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ “…how much more did God’s grace and the gift that came by the grace of the one man, Jesus Christ…” (Romans 5:15c) • “How much more” underscores the surpassing power of Christ’s work (Ephesians 1:19–21). • The source: “God’s grace” expressed through Jesus (John 1:16–17). • The nature of the gift: justification and life (Romans 5:17). • The giver: the obedient Second Adam whose righteousness reverses the curse (Philippians 2:8; 1 Corinthians 15:45). Abound to the many! “…abound to the many!” (Romans 5:15d) • The gift overflows, exceeding the damage caused by the trespass (John 10:10). • It reaches “the many”—all who believe (John 3:16; Romans 3:22). • The superabundance of grace ensures no sinner out-sins Christ’s capacity to save (1 Timothy 1:14–16). summary Adam’s single sin plunged the human race into death, but Christ’s single act of grace overflows with life. The trespass brought universal condemnation; the gift brings an even greater, universally available offer of righteousness to all who trust Him. |
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